The Influence of Parental Experience On Brain Development, Behaviour, and Neuroplasticity

父母经历对大脑发育、行为和神经可塑性的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05266
• 负责人: Gibb, Robbin
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=686223
• 关键词: Influence; Parental; Experience; Brain; Development

One of the fundamental questions in behavioural neuroscience relates to how the brain develops to produce our complex motor, social, and cognitive abilities in adulthood. It is now clear that brain development does not follow a blueprint but rather the nascent brain is sculpted by preconception, prenatal, and postnatal experiences to produce a brain that can do marvelous things. But not all brains are the same and there is remarkable variability ranging from brilliance to less than optimal outcomes.Having demonstrated that both positive and negative experiences at different times can influence brain and behavioral development, I propose to systematically examine the effects of such experiences at several developmental time points including preconception (both sires and dams), gestational (dams), perinatal, and adolescence. ***Short term objectives: ***1. Characterization of the lifelong behavioral outcomes of offspring exposed to parental (maternal or paternal) experiences in the preconception and prenatal periods. .***2. Characterization of neuroanatomical outcomes of offspring exposed to parental (maternal or paternal) experiences in the preconception and prenatal periods.***3. Epigenetic analyses of offspring brain and parental germlines (sperm and ova) following parental (maternal or paternal) experiences in the preconception and prenatal periods.***Long Term Objectives: 1. To study the interaction of parental experience with later offspring experience either in the perinatal period or in adolescence.***2. To study how maternal and paternal experiences interact at mating or during gestation to affect brain development in offspring.***3. To determine whether the negative behavioral and anatomical effects of paternal or maternal experiences such as alcohol exposure can be reversed with dietary supplements, tactile stimulation, or complex-housing in the exposed parent or whether the effects of early positive experiences can be reversed by negative experiences (stress, drugs). ***The overall goal of the proposed studies is to understand the “rules” that describe cerebral plasticity and its relation to behavior in development. Little is known about prenatal, including preconception experiences on brain development. Thus, our contributions have addressed the sparsely studied domains of paternal preconception experience and influence of both “positive” and “negative” prenatal (preconception and gestational) experience on offspring outcomes. By using behavioral analyses that span the developmental period to adulthood we have made new insights into how the same experience in either the prenatal or preconception period have altered impacts on offspring brain development and observed behavioral outcomes at different times during development. We seek to better understand the nature of brain development and how experiences interact to contribute to neuroplasticity and behavior. **

行为神经科学的一个基本问题与成年后大脑如何发展产生我们复杂的运动、社交和认知能力有关。现在很清楚的是，大脑的发育并不是按照一个蓝图来的，相反，新生的大脑是由孕前、产前和产后的经历塑造出来的，从而产生了一个能做不可思议事情的大脑。但并非所有人的大脑都是一样的，从聪明到不太理想的结果，存在着显著的差异。在证明了不同时期的积极和消极经历都会影响大脑和行为发育之后，我建议系统地检查这些经历在几个发育时间点的影响，包括孕前（孕前和孕后）、妊娠期（孕后）、围产期和青春期。***短期目标：在孕前和产前时期暴露于父母（母亲或父亲）经历的后代终生行为结果的特征[***]。在孕前和产前时期暴露于父母（母亲或父亲）经验的后代神经解剖学结果的表征。***在孕前和产前对亲本（母本或父本）经历后后代大脑和亲本生殖系（精子和卵子）的表观遗传学分析。***长期目标：目的：研究父母经历与后代围生期和青春期经历的相互作用。目的：研究母系和父系在交配或妊娠期间的相互作用对后代大脑发育的影响。确定父亲或母亲经历的负面行为和解剖学影响（如酒精暴露）是否可以通过饮食补充、触觉刺激或暴露的父母的复杂住房来逆转，或者早期积极经历的影响是否可以通过负面经历（压力、药物）来逆转。***提出的研究的总体目标是了解描述大脑可塑性及其与发育过程中行为的关系的“规则”。我们对产前知之甚少，包括对大脑发育的孕前经历。因此，我们的贡献已经解决了父亲孕前经验和“积极”和“消极”产前（孕前和妊娠）经验对后代结果的影响的稀疏研究领域。通过使用跨越发育时期到成年期的行为分析，我们对产前或孕前阶段的相同经历如何改变对后代大脑发育的影响有了新的见解，并观察了发育过程中不同时期的行为结果。我们试图更好地了解大脑发育的本质，以及经验如何相互作用，以促进神经可塑性和行为。**