The impact of life-history trait evolution on the stability of population dynamics

生活史性状进化对种群动态稳定性的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05189
• 负责人: Nelson, William
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688093
• 关键词: impact; life; history; trait; evolution

Population dynamics isby definitionthe aggregate response of life histories emerging from a group of interacting individuals. For a wide range of taxa, populations undergo single-generation cycles, which is a type of cycle that is strongly linked to individual life-history traits. Some spectacular examples from nature are the 4-5 outbreaks each season in tortrix moths and the four year cycles in sockeye salmon runs. Life-history traits are also where ecological and evolutionary processes connect, and much theoretical work reveals that life histories are the key to understanding the ecogenetic feedback between ecological and evolutionary dynamics. ******My long-term research goals are to understand how the ecological processes that determine life histories (e.g., resource competition, stage-structured interactions) scale-up to generate single-generation cycles and, it turn, how ecological dynamics impact the evolution of life-history traits. The end goal of my research is to answer the question Do intraspecific interactions result in the evolution of life-history traits that generate large amplitude single-generation cycles?******The proposed research builds on my strong record of interdisciplinary research in mathematical and experimental biology. In this grant, myself along with 4PhD, 3MSc will study how the evolution of life-history traits impacts whether a population has steady-state dynamics (stable) or cycling dynamics (unstable). To study the full ecogenetic feedback loop, the proposal has 3 objectives. Within each, we will develop biological theory centred on organismal life histories and then experimentally test ecological and evolutionary predictions using two species of pest moths.***Objective 1: Links life-history traits to population dynamics to identify traits most relevant for determining population stability (steady-state versus cycling). ***Objective 2: Evolves life-history traits in two model organisms to study evolvability of stability-related traits. ***Objective 3: Maps evolutionary trajectories of life histories to evaluate the direction of trait evolution under real population dynamics and their dynamical consequences.******Our research will use two species of tortrix mothsone that has strong single-generation cycles (unstable) and one that has comparatively constant abundances (stable). These allow for an exciting scientific dichotomy whereby we experimentally evolve stability in one and instability in the other. Beyond their scientific value, these species typify the life-cycle of tortricids that are agricultural pests around the world. Biological and chemical interventions directly target pest life history, which has resulted in widespread resistance evolution. Our research studying life history evolution will provide the foundation to better understand how to direct trait evolution in a way that benefits pest control.

种群动力学的定义是一群相互作用的个体对生活史的总体反应。对于广泛的分类群，种群经历单代循环，这是一种与个体生活史特征密切相关的循环类型。一些来自自然界的壮观的例子是每个季节4-5次爆发的小卷蛾和四年一次的红鲑鱼大迁徙。生活史特征也是生态和进化过程的连接点，许多理论工作表明，生活史是理解生态和进化动力学之间的生态遗传反馈的关键。****** 我的长期研究目标是了解决定生命历史的生态过程（例如，资源竞争，阶段结构的相互作用）规模扩大，以产生单代循环，它反过来，生态动态如何影响生活史特征的进化。我研究的最终目标是回答这个问题：种内相互作用是否导致了产生大幅度单代循环的生活史特征的进化？拟议中的研究建立在我在数学和实验生物学的跨学科研究的良好记录。在这项资助中，我沿着与4博士，3硕士将研究生活史特征的演变如何影响种群是否具有稳态动态（稳定）或循环动态（不稳定）。为了研究完整的生态反馈回路，该提案有3个目标。在每一个，我们将开发生物理论集中在有机体的生活史，然后实验测试生态和进化的预测使用两种害虫蛾。目标一：将生活史性状与种群动态联系起来，以确定与确定种群稳定性（稳态与循环）最相关的性状。* 目标2：在两种模式生物中进化生活史性状，以研究稳定性相关性状的进化性。* 目标3：绘制生活史的进化轨迹，以评估真实的种群动态下性状进化的方向及其动态后果。******我们的研究将使用两种具有强单代周期（不稳定）和相对恒定丰度（稳定）的小菜蛾。这就产生了一个令人兴奋的科学二分法，即我们通过实验进化出一种稳定性和另一种不稳定性。除了它们的科学价值，这些物种代表了世界各地农业害虫的生命周期。生物和化学干预直接针对害虫的生活史，这导致了广泛的抗性进化。我们研究生活史进化的研究将为更好地理解如何以有利于害虫防治的方式指导性状进化提供基础。