Development of anammox and anoxic-aerobic granular biomass for advanced wastewater treatment at low temperatures

加拿大的污水处理厂面临监管压力，要求在现有基础设施的基础上，以最低的资本成本升级为除氮除磷。通过实现能源独立和减少碳足迹来降低运营成本也面临着额外的压力。可以促进这些目标的两个新工艺是拟议研究的主题：主流部分硝化/厌氧氨氧化（PN/A）和厌氧-好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）。***提出了应用PN/A工艺处理低温低氨浓度、大稀泉流量的城市污水。该工艺特别适用于具有厌氧污泥消化器的工厂，其中污泥脱水侧流（高温，高氨，低流量）已经在一个完善的PN/ a工艺中处理，例如圭尔夫ON或计划中的温尼伯北厂。在欧盟进行的早期全尺寸主流PN/A工艺实验证实了该工艺在显著节约能源和化学物质方面的潜力，但也暴露了在一致造粒和工艺稳定性方面的重大未解决问题。这项研究（2名博士和2名理学士）将专注于在低温和氨环境下改善颗粒PN/A生物量和生物膜的形成，以使工艺适应城市污水处理的条件，并将在温尼伯北厂进行，该工厂与城市污水一起产生高浓度的暖侧流。生物多样性将在颗粒和生物膜之间进行比较，在附着和悬浮的生物质混合系统中，导致在可变条件下工艺优化的标准。从侧边到主流的生物增强PN/A将被量化。***欧盟开发的AGS工艺采用专有的顺序批式反应器模式，处理主流产品可降低约40%的资本成本、土地需求和能源使用。由于是专有的，加拿大顾问在报告中没有提供设计指南，其中包括长期启动问题和现有装置的脱粒。AGS工艺从未用于连续流。由于加拿大植物多为连续流，本研究旨在开发连续流AGS工艺。两名博士和三名理学士学生将专注于在连续模式下诱导肉芽形成的有益压力源，以及开发生物膜形成潜力和生物膜强度的标准程序。此外，标准设计参数将被评估并传达给利益相关者，以鼓励AGS在北美的扩散。这项工作将在温尼伯西工厂和计划在岩石河二厂的好氧颗粒污泥设施进行。***工程顾问和市政当局正急切地等待有助于在加拿大使用这两种改变范式的技术的结果。* * * * * * * *

Wastewater treatment plants in Canada are under regulatory pressure to upgrade to nitrogen and phosphorus removal with minimized capital cost and within existing infrastructure. There is additional stress to lower operational costs by achieving energy independence and decreasing carbon footprint. Two new processes that can facilitate these goals are subject of the proposed research: main stream partial nitrification/anammox (PN/A) and anoxic-aerobic granular sludge (AGS). ***Application of the PN/A process to treat municipal sewage, which has low temperature and low ammonia concentration with large dilute spring flows, is proposed. The process is particularly applicable to plants with anaerobic sludge digesters where sludge dewatering sidestream (high temperature, high ammonia, low flow) is already treated in a well-established PN/A process, such as in Guelph ON or planned Winnipeg North plant. Early full scale mainstream PN/A process experiments in EU confirmed potential of the process for significant energy and chemical savings but revealed significant unsolved problems with consistent granulation and process stability. This research (2 PhD and 2 BSc students) will focus on improvement of granular PN/A biomass and biofilm formation in low temperature and ammonia environments to tailor the process to conditions of municipal wastewater treatment, and will take place at the Winnipeg North plant, where high concentration warm sidestream is generated along with municipal wastewater. Biodiversity will be compared between the granules and biofilm in hybrid systems with attached and suspended biomasses leading to criteria for process optimization under variable conditions. Bio-augmentation from side- to main-stream PN/A will be quantified.***The AGS process developed in EU is used in a proprietary sequencing batch reactor mode, treating mainstream at some 40% reduction of capital costs, land requirements and energy use. Being proprietary, there are no design guidelines available to Canadian consultants amidst reports of prolonged start-up problems and degranulation in existing installations. The AGS process has never been used in continuous flow. As Canadian plants are mostly continuous flow the research aims to develop a continuous flow AGS process. Two PhD and 3 BSc students will focus on beneficial stressors inducing granulation in continuous mode as well as developing standard procedures for biofilm formation potential and biofilm strength. Further, standard design parameters will be evaluated and communicated to stakeholders in order to encourage the proliferation of AGS in N. America. The work will be conducted at the Winnipeg West plant and the planned Aerobic Granular Sludge Facility at Rock River IL plant. ***Engineering consultants and municipalities are eagerly waiting for results which should facilitate the use of these two paradigm-changing technologies in Canada. ********