Evaluation of Cold Climate Window Installation Methods

寒冷气候窗户安装方法的评估

• 批准号: 538438-2018
• 负责人: DelosReyes, JoseRizalino
• 金额: $ 6.92万
• 依托单位: Red River College of Applied Arts, Science and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Applied Research and Development Grants - Level 2
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692540
• 关键词: Evaluation; Cold; Climate; Window; Installation

The installation of fenestration products in opaque wall assemblies can pose a significant challenge when considering the continuity of thermal, air, moisture vapour, and moisture across the connection of the two building envelope assemblies. This critical juncture has been the subject of some research, most notably by Lacasse and Armstrong through the National Research Council of Canada's Institute for Research in Construction. While the research was beneficial, changes in federal funding towards research did not permit completion of the research. Furthermore, there remains questions around regional installation practices and possibilities of discovering innovative, yet economical, installation practices that increase building sustainability and durability. Current knowledge of building science principles and application lead many design professionals, manufacturers, and trades to rely on assumed best practices or outdated installation methods.This research project endeavours to discover possible benefits of sloped sills and back dams, pressure equalization control within the window drainage path, importance of insulation between the opaque wall and fenestration product for condensation and heat loss control, and apply the results to develop cost effective and easily repeatable field installation methods. The research continues on the work of Lacasse and Armstrong, but also aims to develop a regional focus on extreme cold climate conditions. This is an area overlooked by many window installation guides that typically focus on aggressive moisture management methods. In cold climates, air leakage and heat transfer take precedent over high exposure to moisture, but does not diminish the importance of moisture management. The research will examine a maximum of eighteen (18) window installation methods, simulating typical residential construction practices and materials. The test specimens will endure air and water infiltration testing, along with examining heat transfer through thermal testing and computer simulation. Extensive use of data acquisition and visual documentation will provide a comprehensive dataset to analyze and develop conclusions and recommendations. Observations, conclusions, and recommendations gained through the duration of the project will help inform development of recommended window installation methods to industry, Technical reporting in detailed and more easily digestible formats, and help educate future professionals in skilled trades and technology programs. The results of the proposed research can benefit both the industry and the nation by expanding the collective knowledge on improved construction methods, contribute new construction methods to decrease cost, improve durability and sustainability of the built environment, and train emerging industry professionals and veterans alike.

在不透明墙体组件中安装开窗产品可能会对两个建筑围护结构组件连接的热、空气、湿气和水分的连续性构成重大挑战。这个关键时刻一直是一些研究的主题，其中最著名的是拉卡斯和阿姆斯特朗通过加拿大国家研究委员会的建筑研究所进行的研究。虽然这项研究是有益的，但联邦研究经费的变化使这项研究无法完成。此外，还存在一些关于区域安装实践的问题，以及发现创新的、经济的、增加建筑可持续性和耐久性的安装实践的可能性。当前的建筑科学原理和应用知识导致许多设计专业人员、制造商和行业依赖于假定的最佳实践或过时的安装方法。本研究项目致力于发现斜坡和背坝可能带来的好处，窗排水路径内的压力均衡控制，不透明墙和开窗产品之间的保温对于冷凝和热损失控制的重要性，并将结果应用于开发成本效益高且易于重复的现场安装方法。这项研究继续了Lacasse和Armstrong的工作，但也旨在发展对极端寒冷气候条件的区域性关注。这是一个被许多窗户安装指南所忽视的领域，这些指南通常侧重于积极的水分管理方法。在寒冷的气候中，空气泄漏和热量传递优先于高暴露于水分，但并不减少水分管理的重要性。该研究将研究最多18种窗户安装方法，模拟典型的住宅建筑实践和材料。试验试样将经受空气和水渗透试验，以及通过热测试和计算机模拟来检查传热。广泛使用数据采集和可视化文件将提供一个全面的数据集来分析和制定结论和建议。在项目期间获得的观察、结论和建议将有助于为行业推荐的窗户安装方法的发展提供信息，以详细和更易于理解的格式提供技术报告，并有助于教育未来的专业技术人员。所提出的研究结果可以通过扩大对改进施工方法的集体知识，提供新的施工方法来降低成本，提高建筑环境的耐久性和可持续性，并培训新兴行业专业人士和资深人士，从而使行业和国家受益。