New solid electrolyte architecture for lithium metal based battery

用于锂金属电池的新型固体电解质架构

• 批准号: 523762-2018
• 负责人: Rosei, Federico
• 金额: $ 7.29万
• 依托单位: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692757
• 关键词: New; solid; electrolyte; architecture; lithium

Our three year project aims to develop new all-solid-state batteries to be used in electrical vehicles (EVs) andportable technologies with high energy density and long term stability, by using lithium metal as negativeelectrode. Metallic lithium is an ideal anode material since it has the highest theoretical capacity (3860 mA/g)and the lowest electrochemical potential (-3.04 V vs NHE). However, it is not yet widely used in commercialapplications due to its high chemical reactivity. During battery cycling using standard liquid electrolyte theliquid electrolyte may degrade, thereby limiting the lifetime of the battery. In addition, some inhomogeneitiesof solid electrolyte interface can cause uncontrolled dendrite formation during the deposition of lithium metal.This side reaction can be the cause of dangerous short-circuits for the battery. A solid electrolyte based on aceramic as lithium ionic conductor physical barrier may address this challenge. First we will explore new solidstate synthesis of superionic ceramic solid electrolytes by using a hot-press method that is able to heat (up to1500° C) and press (up to 25 tons/cm2) the precursors, at the same time obtaining highly dense solid electrolytepellets. In parallel we will investigate new chemical (e.g. solution drop-by-drop deposition) and physicalmethods (e.g. metal sputtering) that can protect lithium metal from possible side reactions with our newmaterials. Then we will prepare new highly dense composites by mixing different cathode materials (at firststandard LiFePO4 and high energy LiNiMnCoO2) and new superionic ceramic solid electrolytes in a hot pressmachine. These new sandwich like composites will be tested in a full cell using protected lithium metal asnegative electrode. The batteries will be optimized for operation at room temperature. Finally we willinvestigate a new class of polymer-in-ceramic which will make the battery flexible.

我们的三年项目旨在开发新的全固态电池，用于电动汽车（EV）和便携式技术，具有高能量密度和长期稳定性，使用锂金属作为负极。金属锂是理想的阳极材料，因为它具有最高的理论容量（3860 mA/g）和最低的电化学电势（-3.04 V vs NHE）。然而，由于其高化学反应性，它尚未广泛用于商业应用。在使用标准液体电解质的电池循环期间，液体电解质可能降解，从而限制电池的寿命。此外，固体电解质界面的某些不均匀性会导致锂金属沉积过程中不受控制的枝晶形成，这种副反应可能是导致电池危险短路的原因。基于陶瓷作为锂离子导体物理屏障的固体电解质可以解决这一挑战。首先，我们将探索新的固态合成的超离子陶瓷固体电解质，通过使用热压方法，能够加热（高达1500 ° C）和压制（高达25吨/平方厘米）的前体，同时获得高密度的固体电解质颗粒。与此同时，我们将研究新的化学（例如溶液逐滴沉积）和物理方法（例如金属溅射），这些方法可以保护锂金属免受与我们的新材料可能发生的副反应。然后，我们将通过在热压机中混合不同的阴极材料（首先是标准LiFePO 4和高能LiNiMnCoO 2）和新的超离子陶瓷固体电解质来制备新的高密度复合材料。这些新的三明治状复合材料将在全电池中使用受保护的锂金属作为负极进行测试。电池将优化为在室温下运行。最后，我们将研究一种新的陶瓷聚合物，它将使电池变得灵活。