New solid electrolyte architecture for lithium metal based battery

用于锂金属电池的新型固体电解质架构

• 批准号: 523762-2018
• 负责人: Rosei, Federico
• 金额: $ 7.29万
• 依托单位: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=697515
• 关键词: New; solid; electrolyte; architecture; lithium

Our three year project aims to develop new all-solid-state batteries to be used in electrical vehicles (EVs) and portable technologies with high energy density and long term stability, by using lithium metal as negative electrode. Metallic lithium is an ideal anode material since it has the highest theoretical capacity (3860 mA/g) and the lowest electrochemical potential (-3.04 V vs NHE). However, it is not yet widely used in commercial applications due to its high chemical reactivity. During battery cycling using standard liquid electrolyte the liquid electrolyte may degrade, thereby limiting the lifetime of the battery. In addition, some inhomogeneities of solid electrolyte interface can cause uncontrolled dendrite formation during the deposition of lithium metal. This side reaction can be the cause of dangerous short-circuits for the battery. A solid electrolyte based on a ceramic as lithium ionic conductor physical barrier may address this challenge. First we will explore new solid state synthesis of superionic ceramic solid electrolytes by using a hot-press method that is able to heat (up to 1500° C) and press (up to 25 tons/cm2) the precursors, at the same time obtaining highly dense solid electrolyte pellets. In parallel we will investigate new chemical (e.g. solution drop-by-drop deposition) and physical methods (e.g. metal sputtering) that can protect lithium metal from possible side reactions with our new materials. Then we will prepare new highly dense composites by mixing different cathode materials (at first standard LiFePO4 and high energy LiNiMnCoO2) and new superionic ceramic solid electrolytes in a hot press machine. These new sandwich like composites will be tested in a full cell using protected lithium metal as negative electrode. The batteries will be optimized for operation at room temperature. Finally we will investigate a new class of polymer-in-ceramic which will make the battery flexible.

我们的三年项目旨在开发用于电动汽车（EV）的新型全固态电池， 采用锂金属作为负极，具有高能量密度和长期稳定性的便携式技术 电极上金属锂具有最高的理论容量（3860 mA/g），是理想的负极材料 电化学电位最低（-3.04VvsNHE）。然而，它尚未广泛用于商业用途。 由于其高化学反应性。在使用标准液体电解质的电池循环期间， 液体电解质可能降解，从而限制电池的寿命。此外，一些不均匀性 固体电解质界面的不稳定会导致在锂金属沉积期间不受控制的枝晶形成。 这种副反应可能是电池发生危险短路的原因。一种固体电解质， 陶瓷作为锂离子导体的物理阻挡层可以解决这一挑战。首先，我们将探索新的固体 通过使用能够加热（最多 1500° C）并压制（高达25吨/cm 2）前体，同时获得高度致密的固体电解质 小球同时，我们将研究新的化学（例如溶液逐滴沉积）和物理 方法（如金属溅射），可以保护锂金属与我们的新的副反应， 材料.然后我们将通过混合不同的阴极材料来制备新的高密度复合材料（首先 标准LiFePO 4和高能LiNiMnCoO 2）和新型超离子陶瓷固体电解质 机这些新的三明治状复合材料将在全电池中进行测试，使用受保护的锂金属作为 负电极电池将优化为在室温下运行。最后我们将 研究一种新型的陶瓷聚合物，它将使电池具有柔性。