Plasma-based surface modifications and nano-structured multifunctional coatings for the next generation of biodegradable Mg-based bone-contact implants

牙种植体的使用如今相当普遍，2016年全球牙种植体市场规模为37.7亿美元。植入物的积极效果与几个因素有关，例如，固定骨的质量，当固定骨质量不足时，需要进行增强。有几种临床程序可供选择。例如，通过膜引导骨再生(GBR)是公认的对患者具有低侵入性的临床实践。然而，商业上可用的两类生物材料(多孔钛或胶原膜)存在一些缺陷。当愈合完成时，需要去除多孔钛，而胶原膜表现出不可控制的降解率。启动了对新生物材料的查询。可吸附金属生物材料，主要是镁基生物材料(因为其内在的骨诱导能力)特别令人感兴趣。一方面，它们与钛的机械性能相匹配。此外，另一方面，它们与胶原蛋白溶液的生物功能相匹配。镁基材料具有针对性的化学配方，可产生与整形外科设备兼容的机械、电化学和生物性能。此外，可以通过改善生物材料的表面性质来实现GBR所需的可控降解速度、机械阻力和细胞相容性。纳米涂层可以为材料提供更好的抗菌性能，增加放射不透明度，增强骨传导性，甚至促进细胞黏附。这些特征可以通过对镁合金衬底进行多步表面改性处理来实现，该工艺包括电化学前处理、等离子体沉积和后处理。该项目的目的是设计、优化和验证这一多步骤流程领先。通过密切合作，拉瓦尔大学、Platmionique和Biotrics将探索一种具有先进功能的新型可生物降解涂料的可行性。该项目的目标是多功能性，使这些新型可降解生物材料适用于广泛的骨接触应用，包括牙科和整形外科。

The use of dental implant is nowadays quite widespread, with a global dental implants market size valued at USD 3.77 billion in 2016. The positive outcome of the implant is related to several factors, such as, for example, the quality of the fixation bone that needs to be augmented when insufficient. Several clinical procedures are available. For example, guided bone regeneration (GBR) by membranes is a clinical practice recognised for being low invasive for the patient. Nevertheless, the two commercially available class of biomaterials (porous Ti or collagen-based membranes) present some drawbacks. Porous Ti needs to be removed when healing is completed, while collagen-based membranes exhibit an uncontrollable degradation rate. The query for new biomaterials is launched. Adsorbable metallic biomaterial, mainly Mg-based (for their intrinsic osteo-inductivity), are of particular interest. In one hand, they match the mechanical properties of Ti. In addition, in the other hand, they match the bio-functionality of collagen-based solutions. Magnesium-based materials, with targeted chemical formulations, lead to mechanical, electrochemical and biological properties compatible with orthopedic devices. Furthermore, the controlled degradation rate, the mechanical resistance and the cytocompatibility that is required from GBR, can be achieved by improving the surface properties of the biomaterial. A nanostructured coating can provide the material with an improved antibacterial behaviour, increase the radiopacity, enhance osteoconductivity, and even promote cell adhesion. These features can be targeted by a multi-step surface modification process of the Mg-alloy substrate, which include electrochemical pre-treatment, plasma-based deposition and a post-treatment. The aim of this project is to design, optimise and validate this multi-step process leading. By closing working together, Laval University, Plasmionique and Biotrics will explore the feasibility of a new class of biodegradable coatings with advanced functionalities. The versatility targeted in this project will make these new degradable biomaterials for a wide range of bone-contact applications, including dental and orthopedic.