Plasma-based surface modifications and nano-structured multifunctional coatings for the next generation of biodegradable Mg-based bone-contact implants

目前，种植牙的使用相当广泛，2016年全球种植牙市场规模为37.7亿美元。植入物的积极结果与几个因素有关，例如，当固定骨不足时需要增加固定骨的质量。有几种临床程序可用。例如，膜引导骨再生（GBR）是一种临床实践，被认为对患者的侵入性低。然而，两种商业上可用的生物材料（多孔钛或胶原基膜）存在一些缺点。当愈合完成时，多孔钛需要去除，而胶原基膜表现出无法控制的降解速率。新生物材料的查询启动。可吸附的金属生物材料，主要是镁基（其固有的骨诱导），是特别感兴趣的。一方面，它们符合钛的机械性能。此外，另一方面，它们与基于胶原蛋白的解决方案的生物功能相匹配。镁基材料，具有针对性的化学配方，导致机械，电化学和生物性能与骨科设备兼容。此外，GBR所需的可控降解率、机械抗性和细胞相容性可以通过改善生物材料的表面特性来实现。纳米结构涂层可以为材料提供更好的抗菌性能，增加不透光性，增强骨导电性，甚至促进细胞粘附。这些特征可以通过镁合金衬底的多步骤表面改性工艺来实现，包括电化学预处理、等离子体沉积和后处理。这个项目的目的是设计，优化和验证这个多步骤的过程领先。通过紧密合作，拉瓦尔大学、Plasmionique和Biotrics将探索一种具有先进功能的新型可生物降解涂层的可行性。该项目的多功能性目标将使这些新的可降解生物材料用于广泛的骨接触应用，包括牙科和骨科。

The use of dental implant is nowadays quite widespread, with a global dental implants market size valued at USD 3.77 billion in 2016. The positive outcome of the implant is related to several factors, such as, for example, the quality of the fixation bone that needs to be augmented when insufficient. Several clinical procedures are available. For example, guided bone regeneration (GBR) by membranes is a clinical practice recognised for being low invasive for the patient. Nevertheless, the two commercially available class of biomaterials (porous Ti or collagen-based membranes) present some drawbacks. Porous Ti needs to be removed when healing is completed, while collagen-based membranes exhibit an uncontrollable degradation rate. The query for new biomaterials is launched. Adsorbable metallic biomaterial, mainly Mg-based (for their intrinsic osteo-inductivity), are of particular interest. In one hand, they match the mechanical properties of Ti. In addition, in the other hand, they match the bio-functionality of collagen-based solutions. Magnesium-based materials, with targeted chemical formulations, lead to mechanical, electrochemical and biological properties compatible with orthopedic devices. Furthermore, the controlled degradation rate, the mechanical resistance and the cytocompatibility that is required from GBR, can be achieved by improving the surface properties of the biomaterial. A nanostructured coating can provide the material with an improved antibacterial behaviour, increase the radiopacity, enhance osteoconductivity, and even promote cell adhesion. These features can be targeted by a multi-step surface modification process of the Mg-alloy substrate, which include electrochemical pre-treatment, plasma-based deposition and a post-treatment. The aim of this project is to design, optimise and validate this multi-step process leading. By closing working together, Laval University, Plasmionique and Biotrics will explore the feasibility of a new class of biodegradable coatings with advanced functionalities. The versatility targeted in this project will make these new degradable biomaterials for a wide range of bone-contact applications, including dental and orthopedic.