Base Metal Complex-Catalyzed Fluoroalkene Transformations: New Routes to Commercially Valuable Fluorocarbon Compounds

加拿大是制冷剂的重要用户，其建筑环境中的许多应用，包括食品制冷、娱乐（溜冰场和冰壶场）以及住宅和商业建筑。氟代烯烃最近被确定为最新一代的制冷剂、推进剂和发泡剂，因为它们与目前使用的氢氟碳化合物相比大大降低了全球变暖潜势。然而，氟代烯烃的典型途径目前是能源密集型的，并且经常使用有毒试剂，如重金属和氟化氢。在这个项目中，我们将建立在令人兴奋的新的贱金属催化路线氟烯烃使用一个新建造的集成气体歧管生产，净化和隔离气体的多克规模。使用容易调节的镍和铜络合物催化剂，市售的氟代烯烃将转化为许多新的氟碳化合物，这些化合物可以作为目前使用的那些化合物的更经济和更环保的替代品。我们有能力制备各种目前尚不容易获得的新型氟代烯烃，这将使我们的行业合作伙伴阿科玛（Arkema） (in自1957年以来，加拿大一直在开发氟聚合物（自1957年以来，加拿大一直在开发氟聚合物），以测试它们作为制冷剂、推进剂和发泡剂以及用于高价值氟聚合物的新单体的用途。除了推进我们的基本金属有机氟化学的基础知识，确定新的工业上重要的氟碳化合物产品的经济路线也将有助于减少目前归因于氟碳化合物排放的全球变暖。此外，我们的同事将在有机氟化学的一个令人兴奋的领域进行培训，该领域在制药和农业化学品以及先进材料方面提供了新的应用。

Canada is a significant user of refrigerants for a number of applications within its built environment, including refrigeration for food, recreation (skating and curling rinks), and residential and commercial buildings. Fluoroalkenes have recently been identified as the newest generation of refrigerants, propellants and blowing agents due to their greatly reduced global warming potential vs. currently used hydrofluorocarbons. Typical routes to fluoroalkenes, however, are currently energy intensive and often employ toxic reagents such as heavy metals and hydrogen fluoride. In this project we will build on exciting new base-metal catalyzed routes to fluoroalkenes using a newly constructed integrated gas manifold for producing, purifying and isolating gases on the multigram scale. Using readily tunable nickel and copper complex catalysts, commercially available fluoroalkenes will be converted into a host of new fluorocarbon compounds that can serve as more economically and environmentally friendly alternatives to those currently in use. Our ability to prepare a variety of new fluoroalkenes not readily accessible by current routes will allow our industry partner, Arkema (in Canada since 1957) to test them as refrigerants, propellants and blowing agents, as well as new monomers for high-value fluoropolymers. In addition to advancing our fundamental knowledge of base metal organofluorine chemistry, identification of economical routes to new industrially important fluorocarbon products will also contribute to a reduction in global warming currently attributed to fluorocarbon emissions. Moreover, our co-workers will be trained in an exciting area of organofluorine chemistry that offers new applications in pharma and agrichemicals as well as advanced materials.