Anaerobic digestion of solid wastes: process enhancements; synergistic effect of food waste on digestibility of lignocellulosic fibres

固体废物的厌氧消化：工艺改进；

• 批准号: 530225-2018
• 负责人: Edwards, Elizabeth
• 金额: $ 3.12万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=719648
• 关键词: Anaerobic; digestion; solid; wastes; process

Vast quantities of garbage are sent to landfill every day. A significant fraction of this waste is organic and decomposes naturally to produce leachate and landfill gas, both threats to the environment. Anaerobic digestion (AD) occurs naturally in the absence of oxygen as microbes break down organic materials to biogas, a mixture of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Harnessing this process in engineered reactors captures biogas to make energy and reduces the amount of solid material for disposal. A new novel approach to AD has been designed explicitly to be versatile, robust, and affordable in North America. This AD approach features no energy-intensive mixing of the solid waste. A recently completed research program (supported by NSERC CRDPJ 459122-13) demonstrated that the technology is indeed robust and versatile, and capable of treating a wide range of organic wastes of variable composition. Two surprising findings came from this recently completed research: 1) that overall solid waste conversion to biogas (i.e., the biogas yield) was as high as that achieved in well-mixed stirred tank reactors, and 2) that digestion of lignocellulosic fibers in the waste was significantly enhanced by the presence and digestion of food waste. The objective of this new proposed CRD program is to investigate the fundamental principles that enabled such high biogas yields, and to determine the process variables of critical importance to the design and operation of a planned commercial demonstration project in east end of Ottawa. The same laboratory-scale two-stage anaerobic digester used in the initial research will be upgraded and recommissioned for this purpose, and a series of experiments will be conducted to establish the fundamental basis underlying good performance. Process modelling and verification in a scaled-up demonstration unit in Ottawa will enable a true validation of the results.

每天将大量垃圾送往垃圾填埋场。这些废物的很大一部分是有机的，并且自然分解以产生渗滤液和垃圾填埋气，这都是对环境的威胁。厌氧消化（AD）自然发生在没有氧气的情况下，因为微生物将有机材料分解为沼气，甲烷（CH4）和二氧化碳（CO2）的混合物。在工程反应堆中利用这一过程可捕获沼气以制造能量并减少固体材料的处置量。一种新的新型广告方法已被明确设计为在北美的多功能，强大且负担得起。这种广告方法没有固体废物的能源密集型混合。最近完成的研究计划（由NSERC CRDPJ 459122-13支持）表明，该技术确实是强大且通用的，并且能够处理各种可变组成的有机废物。这项最近完成的研究提出了两个令人惊讶的发现：1）总体固体废物转化为沼气（即沼气产量）与混合搅拌的坦克反应器中所获得的固体废物相当高，而2）含量的木质纤维素纤维在废物中的消化显着增强。该新提出的CRD计划的目的是调查能够产生如此高的沼气产量的基本原则，并确定对渥太华东端计划的商业演示项目至关重要的过程变量。为此目的，将升级和推荐相同的实验室规模的两阶段厌氧消化液，并进行一系列实验，以建立基本的基础基础良好的绩效。 在渥太华的扩展演示单元中的过程建模和验证将对结果进行真实验证。