Understanding brain maturation: How spontaneous cortical high frequency oscillations develop and affect executive function during childhood

了解大脑成熟：自发皮质高频振荡如何发展并影响儿童时期的执行功能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-02948
• 负责人: JacobsLeVan, Julia
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=742291
• 关键词: Understanding; brain; maturation; How; spontaneous

My research program studies spontaneous physiological High Frequency Oscillations (HFOs, 80-500Hz), which reflect the acquisition of complex skills during childhood. In recent years, it has been shown that not only HFOs triggered by stimuli but also spontaneous HFOs are important drivers of cognitive skills like motor planning and memory consolidation. First described mainly in intracranial resting state EEG recordings, HFOs  have also been reliably observed on scalp EEG. This will allow us to systematically investigate the extent to which HFOs reflect development in children. All EEG rhythms undergo systematic changes during brain maturation, a process known as EEG ontogenesis.  Establishing HFOs as a measure of successful development will necessitate a more comprehensive characterization of HFOs: the age at which they are generated in the brain and age-related changes in their frequency, rate and location. The overarching goal for the next 5 years is to establish HFOs as an objective biomarker for brain maturation in children. We hypothesize that HFOs reflect successful learning during development more precisely than other EEG features or behavioural observations. I will advance knowledge about HFOs during brain development by fulfilling 4 objectives: 1. Establish a clear understanding of age-dependent changes of intracranial HFO characteristics like rate, frequency and power in different brain regions. 2. Clarify what determines visibility of cortical HFOs on the scalp: age, location of generator or frequency. 3. Provide specific maps of scalp HFO maturation across all developmental stages from preterm to adolescence. 4. Establish evidence for a resting state HFOs as a precise and individual assessment of changing motor function in preschool children. My research program studies HFOs at multiple scales from direct cortical recordings to scalp EEG. Investigations will span all ages from preterm babies to adolescence. This proposal will provide answers to the following questions: 1. Are spontaneous HFOs age-dependent? 2. Are HFOs reliably accessible on scalp EEG? 3. To which extent do HFOs reflect motor function during development? Significance: More than any other EEG signatures, HFOs have the potential to closely reflect highly complex functions. The detailed atlas of cortical and scalp HFOs developed in this project will serve as a gold standard for future understanding of developmental processes and will contribute to research in behavioural, cognitive and developmental  neuroscience. It will also provide the first systematic assessment of intracranial EEG ontogenesis and will shed light on how cortical maturation affects HFOs.

我的研究项目研究自发性生理高频振荡(HFO，80-500赫兹)，它反映了儿童时期获得复杂技能的过程。近年来，研究表明，不仅由刺激引发的高频刺激，而且自发的高频刺激也是运动规划和记忆巩固等认知技能的重要驱动因素。首先主要在颅内静息状态的脑电记录中描述，在头皮脑电上也可以可靠地观察到HFOS。这将使我们能够系统地调查HFO在多大程度上反映儿童的发育。所有的脑电节律在大脑成熟过程中都会经历系统性的变化，这一过程被称为脑电个体发生。将高铁电信号确立为成功发育的衡量标准将需要对高铁电波进行更全面的表征：它们在大脑中产生的年龄，以及与年龄相关的频率、频率和位置的变化。未来5年的首要目标是将HFO确立为儿童大脑成熟的客观生物标记物。我们假设，与其他脑电特征或行为观察相比，HFO更准确地反映了发育过程中的成功学习。我将通过实现以下四个目标来增进对脑发育过程中HFO的认识：1.清楚地了解不同脑区HFO特征如频率、频率和功率随年龄的变化。2.阐明是什么决定了头皮上皮质HFO的可见性：年龄、发电机的位置或频率。3.提供从早产到青春期所有发育阶段头皮HFO成熟的具体地图。4.建立静息状态HFO的证据，作为对学龄前儿童运动功能变化的准确和个别评估。我的研究项目从直接的大脑皮层记录到头皮脑电，在多个尺度上研究HFO。调查将涵盖从早产儿到青春期的各个年龄段。这一建议将提供以下问题的答案：1.自发的HFO是年龄相关的吗？2.头皮EEG能可靠地获得HFO吗？3.HFO在多大程度上反映了发育过程中的运动功能？意义：与任何其他脑电信号相比，高频电信号具有更密切地反映高度复杂功能的潜力。该项目开发的皮质和头皮HFO的详细图谱将成为未来理解发育过程的黄金标准，并将有助于行为、认知和发育神经科学的研究。它还将首次系统地评估颅内脑电的个体发生，并将阐明皮质成熟如何影响HFO。