Understanding brain maturation: How spontaneous cortical high frequency oscillations develop and affect executive function during childhood

了解大脑成熟：自发皮质高频振荡如何发展并影响儿童时期的执行功能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-02948
• 负责人: JacobsLeVan, Julia
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=761906
• 关键词: Understanding; brain; maturation; How; spontaneous

My research program studies spontaneous physiological High Frequency Oscillations (HFOs, 80-500Hz), which reflect the acquisition of complex skills during childhood. In recent years, it has been shown that not only HFOs triggered by stimuli but also spontaneous HFOs are important drivers of cognitive skills like motor planning and memory consolidation. First described mainly in intracranial resting state EEG recordings, HFOs  have also been reliably observed on scalp EEG. This will allow us to systematically investigate the extent to which HFOs reflect development in children. All EEG rhythms undergo systematic changes during brain maturation, a process known as EEG ontogenesis.  Establishing HFOs as a measure of successful development will necessitate a more comprehensive characterization of HFOs: the age at which they are generated in the brain and age-related changes in their frequency, rate and location. The overarching goal for the next 5 years is to establish HFOs as an objective biomarker for brain maturation in children. We hypothesize that HFOs reflect successful learning during development more precisely than other EEG features or behavioural observations. I will advance knowledge about HFOs during brain development by fulfilling 4 objectives: 1. Establish a clear understanding of age-dependent changes of intracranial HFO characteristics like rate, frequency and power in different brain regions. 2. Clarify what determines visibility of cortical HFOs on the scalp: age, location of generator or frequency. 3. Provide specific maps of scalp HFO maturation across all developmental stages from preterm to adolescence. 4. Establish evidence for a resting state HFOs as a precise and individual assessment of changing motor function in preschool children. My research program studies HFOs at multiple scales from direct cortical recordings to scalp EEG. Investigations will span all ages from preterm babies to adolescence. This proposal will provide answers to the following questions: 1. Are spontaneous HFOs age-dependent? 2. Are HFOs reliably accessible on scalp EEG? 3. To which extent do HFOs reflect motor function during development? Significance: More than any other EEG signatures, HFOs have the potential to closely reflect highly complex functions. The detailed atlas of cortical and scalp HFOs developed in this project will serve as a gold standard for future understanding of developmental processes and will contribute to research in behavioural, cognitive and developmental  neuroscience. It will also provide the first systematic assessment of intracranial EEG ontogenesis and will shed light on how cortical maturation affects HFOs.

我的研究计划研究赞助物理高频振荡（HFOS，80-500Hz），反映了儿童期间复杂技能的获取。近年来，已经表明，不仅由刺激触发的HFO，而且赞助的HFO是认知能力的重要驱动力，例如运动计划和记忆巩固。 HFO在颅内静止状态脑电图记录中首先首先描述，HFO在头皮脑电图上也可靠地观察到我们。这将使我们能够系统地研究HFO反映儿童发展的程度。在大脑成熟过程中系统性变化下的所有脑电图节奏，这一过程称为脑电图个体发生。建立HFO作为成功开发的量度将需要对HFO的更全面的表征：它们在大脑中产生的年龄以及与年龄相关的频率，速率和位置变化。接下来的5年的总体目标是将HFO建立为儿童大脑成熟的客观生物标志物。我们假设HFO反映出在开发过程中的成功学习比其他脑电图特征或行为观察更精确。我将通过实现4个目标来提高有关大脑发育过程中HFO的知识：1。对颅内HFO特征的年龄变化（例如速率，频率和功率）在不同的大脑区域中建立清晰的理解。 2。阐明什么决定了头皮上皮质HFO的可见性：年龄，发电机或频率的位置。 3。在从早产到青少年的所有发育阶段中提供头皮HFO成熟的特定图。 4。为静止状态HFO建立证据，以作为学龄前儿童运动功能变化的精确和个人评估。我的研究计划研究了从直接皮质记录到头皮脑电图的多个尺度的HFO。调查将跨越从早产婴儿到青少年的所有年龄段。该提案将为以下问题提供答案：1。赞助的HFOS年龄依赖吗？ 2。在头皮脑电图上可以可靠地访问HFO吗？ 3。HFO在多大程度上反映了发育过程中的运动功能？意义：HFO比任何其他EEG特征都多，可以紧密反映高度复杂的功能。该项目中开发的皮质和头皮HFO的详细地图集将成为对发展过程的未来理解的黄金标准，并将有助于研究行为，认知和发育神经科学的研究。它还将提供对颅内脑电图个体发生的首次系统评估，并将阐明皮质成熟如何影响HFO。