Stopped-flow Spectrometer for Supramolecular Dynamics Studies

用于超分子动力学研究的停流光谱仪

• 批准号: RTI-2023-00131
• 负责人: Bohne, Cornelia
• 金额: $ 10.91万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747789
• 关键词: Stopped; flow; Spectrometer; Supramolecular; Dynamics

The stopped flow spectrometer is used to measure the speed of chemical reactions that occur in milliseconds. Measurements of the kinetics for chemical reactions that occur in milliseconds are too fast to be studied by mixing solutions by hand. In a stopped-flow experiment two different solutions contained in two syringes are mixed in the mixing chamber by the application of pressure to the syringes. The chemical reactions are followed by either measuring the absorption or the emission (fluorescence) for the reagents that disappear or for the products that appear. The requested system includes the ability to analyze data where multiple reactions occur simultaneously or in sequence. The stopped-flow spectrometer is the central equipment for our studies in supramolecular dynamics. Supramolecular chemistry occupies the space between individual molecules and macroscopic systems in terms of complexity and functionality. Supramolecular systems are always reversible with the continuous interconversion between molecular building blocks and supermolecules. The various species in a system co-exist and compete with one another. The characterization of any supramolecular system requires studies on the interconversion between species, and this information can only be obtained from kinetic studies, where we observe the system evolving toward its equilibrium state. The objective of my research program is to understand how increases in complexity affect the outcomes of each system in order to create a conceptual framework on how the system's complexity can be purposely exploited to achieve the types of emergent properties seen in living systems. This conceptual framework can then be applied to the rational design of functional materials. In one research project we will determine the minimum requirements to build a system where the components can be kept away from equilibrium, while energy in the form of light is provided to the system. These studies rely on the host-guest chemistry of a versatile class of macrocyclic hosts (cucurbit[n]urils). The second area of research focusses on the understanding on how hydrogels form and how the structure of these materials affects the mobility within these materials. The first project advances the fundamental understanding on the function of supramolecular systems. This understanding is applicable to the field of systems chemistry, where the focus is to embrace complexity to explain the emergence of new properties that cannot be predicted from the properties derived from the studies of interactions between individual molecules. The second project will have impact on the design of any gel where the function requires the movement of molecules within the material and between the material and the external environment. The outcome from the second project will lead to the development of better functional materials, such as the development of tailored drug delivery systems.

停流光谱仪用于测量以毫秒为单位发生的化学反应的速度。在毫秒内发生的化学反应动力学测量速度太快，无法通过手动混合溶液来研究。在停流实验中，通过向注射器施加压力，将两个注射器中包含的两种不同溶液在混合室中混合。化学反应之后测量消失的试剂或出现的产物的吸收或发射（荧光）。所要求的系统包括分析同时或依次发生多个反应的数据的能力。 停流光谱仪是我们超分子动力学研究的核心设备。超分子化学在复杂性和功能性方面占据了单个分子和宏观系统之间的空间。超分子系统总是可逆的，分子构件和超分子之间不断相互转化。一个系统中的各种物种共存并相互竞争。任何超分子系统的表征都需要研究物种之间的相互转化，而这些信息只能从动力学研究中获得，即我们观察系统向平衡状态演化。我的研究计划的目标是了解复杂性的增加如何影响每个系统的结果，以便创建一个概念框架，说明如何有目的地利用系统的复杂性来实现生命系统中出现的新兴属性类型。这个概念框架可以应用于功能材料的合理设计。在一个研究项目中，我们将确定构建一个系统的最低要求，其中组件可以远离平衡，同时以光的形式向系统提供能量。这些研究依赖于一类多功能大环主体（葫芦[n]脲）的主客体化学。第二个研究领域侧重于了解水凝胶如何形成以及这些材料的结构如何影响这些材料内的流动性。第一个项目推进了对超分子系统功能的基本理解。这种理解适用于系统化学领域，该领域的重点是拥抱复杂性来解释新特性的出现，而这些新特性无法通过单个分子之间相互作用的研究得出的特性来预测。第二个项目将对任何凝胶的设计产生影响，其功能需要材料内以及材料与外部环境之间的分子运动。第二个项目的成果将导致更好的功能材料的开发，例如定制的药物输送系统的开发。