Advanced 3D Nanonetwork Materials Induced by Ultrashort Plasma Ionization

先进纳米制造是当今制造业和纳米技术产业的一个热点。与其他方法相比，使用超短激光脉冲的纳米制造具有独特的优势。它是单步的，可以适用于广泛的材料。我提出的研究计划将集中在一种新型超短激光烧蚀技术上，该技术能够制备具有可控光学和化学灵敏度和增强生物相容性的3D纳米网络结构。制造的结构将立即可用于不同的应用，如超级电容器和电池电极，光子器件，纳米传感器和生物功能材料制造。脉冲激光烧蚀加工传统上用于微观和亚微观尺度的加工和材料去除；然而，由于其效率低，很少用于纳米材料的合成。基于激光的纳米材料合成通常使用高功率连续激光器和纳秒激光器，并且需要催化剂和受控环境。然而，在兆赫激光脉冲频率下，连续脉冲之间的延迟时间与成核的临界时间相当，这使得在环境条件下无需添加催化剂即可形成纳米结构。我的建议的主要目标是激光三维纳米网络（纳米线，纳米纤维结构）的生成。我打算扩展我在兆赫脉冲频率范围内的超短激光与物质相互作用的基础和三维纳米网络形成机制的研究。我的目标是利用我所获得的知识来开发更大规模合成纳米材料和3D纳米结构表面的成本效益和可控工艺。这包括研究激光参数、环境和外场对各种纳米材料（如纳米棒、纳米尖端和纳米纤维）形成的影响。预期成果：本基金支持的研究将旨在了解纳米制造中的高频/高强度脉冲电离机制，并开发成本效益高、可控的工艺，用于大规模合成先进传感材料、能源纳米材料和生物材料。这包括研究激光参数、环境和外场对各种纳米材料的形成及其性能的影响，这些纳米材料适用于从先进传感结构到储能装置和生物材料制造的不同应用。在该项目下培训的人员将获得纳米制造和材料表征方面的宝贵技能，使他们适合在加拿大不断扩大的先进制造业和生物技术部门工作。

Advanced nanofabrication is a hotspot in the manufacturing and nanotechnology industries. Nanofabrication using ultrashort laser pulses offers unique advantages over other approaches. It is single-step and can be applied to a wide range of materials. My proposed research program will focus on a novel ultrashort laser ablation technique that is capable of preparing 3D nano-network structures with controlled optical and chemical sensitivity and enhanced biocompatibility. The fabricated structures will be immediately usable in different applications such as super capacitor and battery electrodes, photonic devices, nano-sensors and bio-functional material fabrication. Pulsed laser ablative machining has traditionally been used for machining and material removal at micro- and sub-micro scales; due to its low efficiency, however, it is rarely used for nanomaterial synthesis. Laser-based nanomaterial synthesis normally employs high-powered continuous lasers and nanosecond lasers, and requires catalysts and a controlled environment. At megahertz laser-pulse frequency, however, the delay time between successive pulses is comparable to the critical time of nucleation, which enables the formation of nanostructures in ambient conditions without the addition of a catalyst. The main objective of my proposal is Laser 3D Nanonetwork (nanowires, nanofibrous structured) generation. I intend to extend my research on the fundamentals of ultrashort-laser-matter interaction at the MHz-pulse frequency range and the mechanisms of 3D nanonetwork formation. My goal is to use the knowledge I acquire to develop cost-efficient and controllable processes for synthesizing nanomaterials and 3D nanostructured surfaces on a larger scale. This includes the study of the effects of laser parameters, environments and external fields on the formation of various nanomaterials, such as nanorods, nanotips, and nanofibres. Anticipated outcomes: The research supported by this grant will be aimed at developing an understanding of high frequency/high intensity pulse ionization mechanism in nanofabrication and develop cost-efficient and controllable processes for synthesizing advanced sensing materials, energy nanomaterials and biomaterials fabrications at a larger scale. This includes the study of the effects of laser parameters, environments, and external fields on the formation of various nanomaterials and their properties for different applications from advanced sensing structures to energy storage devices and biomaterials fabrication. The personnel trained under this program will acquire a valuable skillset in nanofabrication and materials characterization that will make them suitable for careers in Canada's expanding advanced manufacturing and biotech sectors.