Mapping spatial and temporal dynamics of ecosystem services interactions

绘制生态系统服务相互作用的时空动态图

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06343
• 负责人: Bennett, Elena
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=761295
• 关键词: Mapping; spatial; temporal; dynamics; ecosystem

Ecosystem services (ES), the benefits that humans obtain from nature, are an increasingly important tool for environmental decision-making. ES science can lead to better management by enabling communities to undertake multifunctional planning with models that can forecast how changes in land use or management will affect the provision of multiple ES. But the promise of ES science has not been fully realized, in part due to limited empirical studies of ES interactions. In particular, current science on ES interactions tends to focus on one temporal and spatial scale at a time, an approach that overlooks the system dynamics that could elucidate the mechanisms behind ES interactions. A better understanding of the mechanisms behind ES interactions could help mangers enhance synergies and avoid tradeoffs. Thus, scientists have called for increased attention to multiple ES, and especially to studies across multiple temporal and spatial scales that can elucidate the mechanisms behind ES interactions. Research in my lab is centered on understanding the ecological mechanisms that underlie the provision of multiple ES and their interactions, primarily in agricultural landscapes. My research program focuses especially on enhancing methods for mapping and modelling ES interactions to ensure that they better reflect the nonlinearities, feedbacks, and legacies that are key features of the complex systems that provide ES. Over the next five years, my team and I will explore how ES can be better understood as the products of systems that are dynamic in both space and time, how models can be improved to reflect this knowledge, and what these more dynamic models of ES can tell us about planning for the long-term the resilience and sustainability of ecosystems. We will do this through three interlocking initiatives: (1) a global analysis of common ES interactions in the anthropogenic biomes of the world, (2) a multi-scale analysis of ES interactions in the Montérégie, a local system well-known to our lab; (3) an exploration of the role of temporal dynamics, time lags, and legacies in the provision of ES over 100 years of land use and management change in the Montérégie. Communities across Canada and around the world are struggling with resource management questions, especially in working landscapes such agricultural regions. Unfortunately, we are making key decisions in the absence of the information we need to effectively maintain provision of multiple, highly desirable ES across space and through time. The work that I am proposing to undertake in my research program has the potential help answer fundamental questions about management of natural resources now and in the future. Together, time, space, and feedbacks among system components are the unexplored areas of ES research; they hold the key to managing ecosystems for sustainability.

生态系统服务（ES）是人类从自然界获得的好处，是环境决策的越来越重要的工具。 ES科学可以通过使社区能够通过模型进行多功能计划来提高管理，以预测土地使用或管理的变化将如何影响多个ES的提供。但是，由于对ES相互作用的经验研究有限，ES科学的承诺尚未完全实现。特别是，当前关于ES相互作用的科学一次倾向于一次关注一个临时和空间量表，这种方法忽略了可以阐明ES相互作用背后机制的系统动力学的方法。更好地了解ES相互作用背后的机制可以帮助漫画增强协同作用并避免权衡。这是科学家呼吁增加对多个ES的关注，尤其是对可以阐明ES相互作用背后机制的多个临时和空间尺度的研究。我实验室中的研究集中在理解多种ES提供的生态机制及其相互作用的基础上，主要是农业景观。我的研究计划尤其着重于增强映射和建模ES交互的方法，以确保它们更好地反映是提供ES的复杂系统的关键特征的非线性，反馈和遗产。在接下来的五年中，我和我的团队将如何更好地理解ES是在时空中具有动态性的系统的产品，如何改善模型以反映这一知识，以及这些动态的ES模型可以告诉我们关于计划生态系统的韧性和可持续性的计划。我们将通过三个互锁计划来做到这一点：（1）对世界人为生物群体中常见ES相互作用的全球分析，（2）对Montérégie中ES相互作用的多尺度分析，Montérégie是我们实验室众所周知的本地系统； （3）探索临时动态，时间滞后和遗产在Montérégie的100年土地使用和管理变化中的作用。加拿大和世界各地的社区都在为资源管理问题苦苦挣扎，尤其是在此类农业地区的工作景观中。不幸的是，在没有信息的情况下，我们正在做出关键决策，我们需要有效地维持在整个空间和时光上提供多个高度理想的ES。我建议在我的研究计划中进行的工作具有潜在的帮助回答有关现在和将来管理自然资源管理的基本问题。系统组件之间的时间，空间和反馈在一起是ES研究的意外领域；他们是管理生态系统以实现可持续性的关键。