Sensorimotor control of complex locomotor tasks in ecological environments

生态环境中复杂运动任务的感觉运动控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03746
• 负责人: Lamontagne, Anouk
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=762190
• 关键词: Sensorimotor; control; complex; locomotor; tasks

Community walking requires the skills to avoid collisions with surrounding obstacles. Collision avoidance strategies amongst pedestrians are known to be modulated by one's sensorimotor function and by factors such as the direction/speed of interferers. However, the extent to which (i) the gender and emotional gait pattern of an interferer (socio-cognitive factors) and (ii) the sex of the observer (biological factor) interact and contribute in shaping collision avoidance strategies remains unknown. In this program, how these factors impact on collision avoidance will be investigated through virtual reality-based locomotor (Project 1 & 2) and neuroimaging projects (Project 3 & 4). Objectives are to: (1) Investigate the influence of the interferer's gender, as perceived via physical appearance vs. gait movements, on collision avoidance strategies, and its possible interaction with the participants' sex; (2) Investigate the impact of emotional gait on collision avoidance strategies, and the modulatory effects of sex (participants) and gender (interferers); (3) Uncover the neural mechanisms involved in gender perception and their modulation due to appearance and biological motion information; (4) Determine the neural mechanisms underpinning the perception of emotional gait, and the modulatory effect of sex (participants) and gender (interferers). Healthy young males and females will participate. In Project 1, they will walk in a virtual environment (VE) viewed in a head mounted display equipped with an eye tracker, while exposed to virtual pedestrians (VRPs) displaying variations in gender as per their gait pattern (female, male) and physical appearance (female, male or neutral). In Project 2, participants will be exposed to male and female VRPs displaying different emotional gait patterns (happy, angry, sad, speed-matched neutral conditions). In both projects, locomotor (obstacle clearance, onset of trajectory deviation, etc.) and gaze outcomes (e.g., % fixation on body segments of VRP) will be compared across gender and/or emotion conditions and between sex groups. In Projects 3 & 4, participants' brain activity will be recorded with magnetoencephalography while seated and exposed to a VE projected on a screen. In Project 3, participants will discriminate the gender of VRPs in conditions similar to Project 1. In Project 4, they will discriminate the emotion of male and female VRPs displaying different emotional gaits. Event-related potentials (peak, latency) and coherence (connectivity analysis) in key brain areas involved in form, motion and emotion processing will be compared between conditions and groups. Results will provide visuomotor and brain mechanism perspectives on the modulatory role of sex, gender and emotions in pedestrian interactions. They will further support the development of ecologically-valid VR scenarios while providing a comparison basis for exploring changes in the control of complex walking tasks across the lifespan.

社区步行需要避免与周围障碍物碰撞的技能。已知行人之间的碰撞避免策略由一个人的感觉运动功能和诸如行人的方向/速度的因素来调节。然而，在何种程度上（一）的性别和情绪步态模式的一个embrerer（社会认知因素）和（ii）的性别的观察者（生物因素）的相互作用，并有助于形成避碰策略仍然是未知的。在这个项目中，这些因素如何影响碰撞避免将通过基于虚拟现实的运动（项目1和2）和神经成像项目（项目3和4）进行研究。目标是：（1）研究被试的性别对避碰策略的影响，以及它与被试性别之间可能的相互作用;（2）研究情绪步态对避碰策略的影响，以及性别的调节作用（参与者）和性别（3）揭示性别知觉的神经机制及其由外貌和生物运动信息引起的调制;（4）确定支持情绪步态感知的神经机制，以及性别（参与者）和性别（参与者）的调节作用。 健康的年轻男性和女性将参加。在项目1中，他们将在配备眼动仪的头戴式显示器中观看的虚拟环境（VE）中行走，同时暴露于虚拟行人（VRP），根据他们的步态模式（女性，男性）和身体外观（女性，男性或中性）显示性别变化。在项目2中，参与者将暴露于表现出不同情绪步态模式（快乐，愤怒，悲伤，速度匹配的中性条件）的男性和女性VRP。在这两个项目中，运动（障碍物清除，轨迹偏离的开始等）和凝视结果（例如，在项目3和4中，将使用脑磁图记录参与者的大脑活动，同时坐着并暴露于屏幕上投射的VE。在项目3中，参与者将在类似于项目1的条件下对VRP进行性别歧视。在项目4中，他们将区分表现出不同情绪步态的男性和女性VRP的情绪。将在条件和组之间比较涉及形式，运动和情绪处理的关键大脑区域的事件相关电位（峰值，潜伏期）和连贯性（连接分析）。 结果将提供视觉和大脑机制的角度调节作用的性别，性别和情绪在行人的互动。它们将进一步支持生态有效的VR场景的开发，同时为探索整个生命周期中复杂步行任务的控制变化提供比较基础。