Solving emerging environmental challenges of the hydroelectric sector in partnership with utilities and Indigenous communities

与公用事业公司和原住民社区合作，解决水电行业新出现的环境挑战

• 批准号: 560330-2020
• 负责人: Amyot, MarcM
• 金额: $ 32.37万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=765124
• 关键词: Solving; emerging; environmental; challenges; hydroelectric

Hydroelectricity is a cornerstone of the energy sector in many Canadian provinces, and particularly in Quebec. Increased bioaccumulation of the neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg) in fish in large hydro-electric reservoirs have been identified as environmental issues for decades in this sector. In Canada, these issues most often affect First Peoples. Here we propose to tackle new unexpected challenges linked to mercury in partnership with Atikamekw, Innu and Inuit communities, Hydro-Quebec, Innergex and academic partners. These challenges focus on the following questions: (1) what is the the combined impact of run-of-river plants and landscape disturbances (logging and wildfire) on Hg contamination of food webs? (2) How will new northern run-of-river power plants affect permafrost degradation and Hg cycling? (3) What is the impact of recently described winter production of MeHg in large dammed rivers and MeHg bioavailability in their estuaries? (4) Can we modify human MeHg exposure through food preparation? This project has been co-constructed with communities to maximize EDI, integrate community concerns and needs, share knowledge, and provide direct benefits to them. We have assembled a team of academics recognized for their work in mercury and carbon biogeochemistry, permafrost physics, genomics, microbiology, analytical chemistry and food web dynamics. This project will promote Indigenous community involvement in research, and cooperation with utilities. The knowledge gained by the hydroelectric sector through this grant will help develop strategies to decrease its Hg footprint and protect wildlife and human communities. This will increase competitiveness against other power utilities using other energy sources. It will also increase the exportability of hydroelectrical technologies and know-how on the global market.

水力发电是加拿大许多省份能源部门的基石，特别是在魁北克。几十年来，大型水电站中鱼类体内神经毒素甲基汞（甲基汞）的生物累积增加已被确定为该部门的环境问题。在加拿大，这些问题往往影响到第一民族。在此，我们提议与Atikamekw、因努人和因努伊特人社区、魁北克水电公司、Innergex和学术伙伴合作，应对与汞有关的新的、意想不到的挑战。这些挑战主要集中在以下问题上：（1）河流植物和景观干扰（伐木和野火）对食物网汞污染的综合影响是什么？(2)新建北方径流式发电厂将如何影响冻土退化和汞循环？ (3)最近描述的大型筑坝河流冬季产生的甲基汞及其河口的甲基汞生物利用度的影响是什么？(4)我们可以通过食物制备来改变人类的甲基汞暴露吗？该项目是与社区共同建设的，以最大限度地利用电子数据交换，整合社区的关切和需求，分享知识，并为社区提供直接利益。我们已经组建了一个学术团队，他们在汞和碳地球化学，永久冻土物理学，基因组学，微生物学，分析化学和食物网动力学方面的工作得到了认可。该项目将促进土著社区参与研究，并与公用事业合作。水电部门通过该赠款获得的知识将有助于制定战略，减少汞足迹，保护野生动物和人类社区。这将提高与使用其他能源的其他电力公司的竞争力。它还将增加水电技术和专门知识在全球市场上的出口。