人参具有丰富的药理活性，但是其治疗不同疾病的药效物质基础、构效关系及机制尚缺乏系统研究。本项目基于人参“一药多效”的特点及“异病同治”的中医临床治则，以气虚型阿尔兹海默症、糖尿病、肿瘤为疾病模型，以人参代表性活性成分皂苷和多糖为研究对象，开展如下系统研究：①采用基于代谢组学的多组分药代动力学及靶向网络药理学技术，研究人参皂苷进入体内后在疾病状态下对机体的调节作用（生物标志物及相关信号通路的变化），以及机体对人参皂苷吸收、代谢物质组的影响，从调节疾病整体病理网络角度阐明人参皂苷多成分多靶点作用机制及药效物质基础，并根据不同药源性成分对生物标志物含量的影响规律，阐明人参皂苷的构效关系。②针对多糖类成分难以吸收但对于肠道菌群有重要调节作用的特点，采用基因组学及代谢组学整合研究策略，从调节肠道菌群角度阐明人参多糖的药效物质基础、构效关系及作用机制。其研究成果可为人参深层次开发提供科学依据。

Ginseng has abundant pharmacological activities, but its pharmacodynamic material basis, structure-activity relationship and mechanism in the treatment of different diseases have not been systematically studied up to now. Based on the "one medicine with multiple effects" characteristics of ginseng and "the same treatment for different diseases" clinical principle from traditional Chinese medicine, this project will select the different deficiency's diseases models (Alzheimer’s, diabetes, and tumor) to investigate the multi-efficacies of ginseng. As the typically active components of ginseng, ginsenosides and polysaccharides will be taken as the research objects to carry out the following systematic researches. ① Multi-components’ pharmacokinetics-based on metabolomics and targeted network pharmacology technology will be used to study the regulatory effects of ginsenosides on the body (changes of biomarkers and related signaling pathways) after entering the body under disease conditions, as well as the effects of the body on ginsenosides' absorption and metabolism. The mechanism of multi-target action of ginsenosides and its pharmacodynamic material basis will be clarified from the perspective of regulating the overall pathological network of diseases. At the same time, the structural-activity relationship of ginsenosides will be also clarified according to the influence rules of different constituents on the content of biomarkers. ② In view of the characteristics that polysaccharides are difficult to absorb but play an important regulatory role in intestinal flora, the integrated research strategy of genomics and metabolomics will be adopted to clarify the pharmacodynamic material basis, structure-activity relationship and mechanism of ginseng’s polysaccharides from the perspective of regulating intestinal flora. The project’s research results should provide scientific basis for the deep development of ginseng.