2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者常伴有血脂代谢异常，而血脂代谢异常是导致动脉粥样硬化（AS）的重要原因。以往研究表明，血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）亚组分水平变化与AS发生发展关系更密切，ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3PUFA）可以升高T2DM患者HDL水平，但ω-3PUFA对糖尿病患者HDL亚组分及AS影响研究尚未见报道。本项目拟开展ω-3PUFA对2型糖尿病大鼠HDL亚组分影响及其对动脉粥样硬化发生发展作用研究，并观察ω-3PUFA对2型糖尿病合并血脂异常人群HDL亚组分及动脉粥样硬化的作用。从动物和人体两个层面观察ω-3PUFA对HDL亚组分的影响，探讨ω-3PUFA通过对HDL的作用进而影响逆胆固醇转运功能和/或经PI3-K/Akt/eNOS信号通路改善内皮功能的作用靶点，明确ω-3 PUFA影响动脉粥样硬化发生发展的作用机制，为ω-3 PUFA及HDL亚组分与人体健康关系提供新的理论基础。

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often complicated by dyslipidemia, which is an important cause of atherosclerosis (AS). Previous studies have shown that the serum levels of HDL subfractions are more closely related to the development of AS and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) can increase the level of HDL in T2DM patients. However, the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on HDL subfractions in diabetic patients has not been reported yet. This project intends to study the effect of ω-3PUFA on the HDL subfractions changes and its role in the development of AS with the type 2 diabetic rats. And we explore the impacts of ω-3PUFA on HDL subfrcations and AS in T2DM patients accompanied with dyslipidemia by clinical intervention trail. These are designed for finding the influence of ω-3 PUFA on HDL and AS from two aspects of animal and human, so as to investigate the effects of ω-3 PUFA on the anti-cholesterol transport function and / or PI3-K / Akt / eNOS signaling pathway. The results will help to clear the role of ω-3 PUFA in the AS development and its mechanism, that can provide the new scientific evidence of the impact of ω-3 PUFA on HDL subfractions and human health.