自增强二硫化钼量子点电致化学发光体系的构建及在白血病融合基因检测中的应用

发展高效、生物相容性优异、成本低廉的量子点类电致化学发光体系在临床检验领域具有广阔的应用前景。本项目拟将含共反应基团的配体修饰到二硫化钼量子点（MoS2 QDs）表面，通过缩短共反应试剂与发光物质的电子传递距离，提高电子传递的效率，获得共反应试剂与发光物质置于一体的高效电致化学发光性能的自增强MoS2 QDs。并进一步探究自增强MoS2 QDs的电致化学发光机理，揭示自增强量子点类电致化学发光体系的一般规律。此外，采用吸附、包埋等方法以自增强MoS2 QDs为主体合成多功能电致化学发光复合纳米材料作为信号标签或固载基质，结合无酶核酸信号放大策略（如催化发夹组装、链置换反应、DNA分子步行器等）发展一系列灵敏、成本低廉、快速准确检测白血病融合基因的电致化学发光生物传感新方法。本项目不仅提出建立高效量子点类电致化学发光体系的新思路，同时为临床上白血病分子诊断提供行之有效的电致化学发光分析手段。

Quantum dots-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) systems with high efficiency, excellent biocompatibility and low cost have broad application prospects in the clinical diagnosis. This project intends to prepare self-enhanced molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) with ligands containing the co-reactive group to obtain efficient ECL performance, which promotes electron transfer efficiency by shortening the electron transfer distance between the co-reactant and the luminophore. Then, the ECL mechanism of self-enhanced MoS2 QDs will be investigated to explore the general principles of self-enhanced quantum dots-based ECL systems. On the basis of the self-enhanced MoS2 QDs, multifunctional ECL nanocomposites are prepared for signal labels or nanocarriers via absorbing or embedding. Meanwhile, enzyme-free nucleic acid amplification strategies (e.g., catalytic hairpin assembly, strand displacement reaction and DNA walker) are designed for signal amplification. Combining the multifunctional ECL nanocomposites with enzyme-free nucleic acid amplification strategies, novel ECL sensing platforms are constructed for sensitive, low-cost, fast and accurate detection of leukemia fusion gene. This project not only proposes a new idea for establishing efficient quantum dots-based ECL systems, but also provides effective ECL methods for the clinical molecular diagnosis of leukemia.