免疫治疗作为一种新型的疾病治疗方式已经成为国内外研究的热点，免疫刺激剂凭借自身的优势在免疫治疗中发挥重要作用。然而，免疫刺激剂分子通常分子量较小，不具有簇效应和尺寸效应，使其免疫刺激效果不佳。目前，通常利用共价策略将免疫刺激剂分子偶联到聚合物载体或脂质体分子上，这些共价偶联策略合成难度大，产物均一性较差，所用载体可能会引起机体的副作用。针对共价偶联策略的局限性，本项目拟采取非共价自组装策略构筑免疫刺激剂体系。具体拟开展的工作为：对免疫刺激剂分子进行修饰，设计合成新型免疫刺激剂分子；基于多肽自组装、DNA自组装、静电相互作用等策略，构筑单组分免疫刺激剂组装体和多组分免疫刺激剂复合物；将这些新型免疫刺激剂体系应用于抗肿瘤活性和疫苗佐剂等免疫相关性质研究。本项目的顺利完成可获得一系列高效实用的免疫刺激剂体系，这对免疫治疗的研究具有重要意义。

Immunotherapy has become one of the most promising therapies for the treatment of diseases. Immunostimulants have played an important role in immunotherapy. However, most immunostimulants have low molecular weight and do not have cluster effect and size effect. They can’t induce robust immune activation. Recently, the covalent strategy was used to conjugate immunostimulants with polymer or liposome carriers. This covalent strategy makes the synthesis difficult and the carriers might induce side-effects. To solve these problems, we plan to develop non-covalent self-assembly strategies to construct new immunostimulant systems. We plan to design and synthesize the novel immunostimulants and construct one-component immunostimulant assemblies and multi-component immunostimulant complexes based on the peptide self-assembly, DNA self-assembly, and electrostatic interaction strategies. These new immunostimulant systems will be applied to the tumor immunotherapy and antibody production. After accomplishment of this project, a series of efficient and practical immunostimulants will be obtained and this will be extensively applied in immunotherapy.