复杂组织及器官的多细胞空间构筑，需要血管网络为种子细胞提供营养。如何构建分支血管及连接的微血管网络成为制约组织工程复杂组织及器官构建的瓶颈。从仿生的角度，人体血管的结构组成及神经支配情况是工程血管网络适应血流分配并最终保持长期通畅的重要因素。本项目基于冠脉分支堵塞后导致心肌大面积梗死，单靠构建微血管网络不足以重建心肌血供，需要同时构建供血的分支血管和血管网络，以及本课题组前期构建神经支配的小口径工程血管显著提高通畅率重要进展基础上，以心脏血管网络为模型，揭示（一）人体心脏血管网络的配布与血流供应的关系及相关数据。（二）冠脉分支血管壁细胞的异质性、干细胞的数量比及在功能稳态维持中作用。（三）神经支配数量和方式与血管功能维持的量效关系。以此为基础，发明仿生化制备工程血管及相连的微血管网络的新方法、新工艺，为复杂组织及器官血管网络构建奠定基础。

The multicellular spatial architecture of complex tissues and organs requires a network of blood vessels to provide nutrients for seed cells. How to construct branched blood vessels and connected microvascular networks has become a bottleneck restricting the construction of complex tissues and organs in tissue engineering. From the perspective of bionics, the structural composition and innervation of human blood vessels are important factors for the engineering blood vessel network to adapt to blood flow distribution and eventually maintain long-term patency. This project is based on the large area of myocardial infarction caused by coronary artery branch occlusion. The establishment of microvascular network alone is not sufficient to reconstruct the blood supply of the heart muscle. It is necessary to construct the blood supply and blood vessel network at the same time, as well as the small-caliber engineering blood vessels that have previously been applied to construct innervation in this group. Based on the significant progress in significantly improving the patency rate, a cardiovascular network model was used to reveal (1) the relationship between the distribution of blood vessels in the human cardiovascular network and the blood supply and related data. (b) the heterogeneity of coronary artery wall cells, the number of stem cells, and their role in the maintenance of functional homeostasis. (c) Dose-effect relationship between the amount and manner of innervation and maintenance of vascular function. Based on this, a new method and a new process for biomimetic preparation of engineered blood vessels and connected microvascular networks are invented to lay the foundation for the construction of complex tissue and organ vascular networks.