BIOSPAR: Development of a BIOacoustic Sensing Platform and Relay System for Time Series Studies of Biologically Produced Acoustic Backscattering

本项目旨在设计和建造一个生物声学传感器， 平台和中继系统（BIOSPAR）。 这是一个自主的双 波束声学剖面仪将自动测量和 遥测生物产生声反向散射和目标 从遥远的海洋位置到基于海岸的强度数据 laboratories. 下视系统，具有420和120 kHz双 波束回声测深仪，将首先包装为自主 部署在柱形浮标中，并与卫星遥测系统相连 系统 距离选通法测量声后向散射剖面 返回到1米深的间隔在上面100米将 获得。 所有数据将存储在一个大容量存储单元中， 用于后处理的浮标。 中部分处理的数据 目标强度直方图和积分强度的形式 每个频率下的10个深度间隔将在2小时内平均 每天传输到海岸的间隔。 该系统将 1990年在海上测试并用于研究巡航， 丰度和大小频率分布的变化，以及 墨西哥湾流环中浮游生物和游泳动物的昼夜迁移。 的 实地测试将涉及使用拖网系统收集 浮游动物和微浮游生物与声学数据进行比较。 备用部署模式的设计（海底着陆器、深海 也将规划。 该仪器提供了 彻底改变我们获取信息的能力， 重要海洋浮游生物的分布和相互作用 和neckton在一段时间。 这样的数据现在非常 复杂且昂贵。

This project seeks to design and construct a BIOacoustic Sensing Platform And Relay system (BIOSPAR). This is an autonomous dual beam acoustic profiler that will automatically measure and telemeter biologically produced acoustic backscattering and target strength data from remote oceanic locations to shore based laboratories. The down-looking system, with 420 and 120 kHz dual- beam echo sounders, will be packaged first for autonomous deployment in a spar buoy and coupled to a satellite telemetry system. Profiles of acoustic backscattering by range gating returns into 1 meter depth intervals in the upper 100 meters will be obtained. All data will be stored on a mass storage unit in the buoy for post processing. Partially processed data in the form of a target strength histogram and integrated intensity for 10 depth intervals at each frequency will be averaged over 2 hour intervals for daily transmission to shore. The system will be tested at sea and used on a research cruise in 1990 to study variations in the abundance and size-frequency distribution, and diel migration of plankton and nekton in a Gulf Stream ring. The field tests will involve the use of a towed net system to collect zooplankton and micronekton for comparion with acoustic data. Designs for alternate deployment modes (bottom landers, deep-sea moorings) will also be planned. This instrument offers the potential to revolutionize our ability to obtain information about the distrubution and interactions of important oceanic plankton and neckton over periods of time. Such data is now extremely complex and costly to obtain.