The Mechanism by Which Ribosomes Form Proteins

其目的是了解化学机械术语如何 核糖体和与它们相互作用的大分子形成 proteins. 主要目标是监测和描述 当新生肽被逐步延伸时， 在核糖体肽基转移酶处添加氨基酸 中心 将特别注意以下问题： 新生肽是否从肽基 转移酶的出口域通过隧道， 核糖体大亚基，如果是这样，以确定如何 将新生肽插入隧道中。 次要目的 是为了确定mRNA何时在核糖体中移动， 肽延伸反应步骤并进一步分析 红霉素和氯霉素等抗生素如何抑制 蛋白质合成 方法是共价攻击 tRNA、mRNA核糖体上特定位点的荧光团 蛋白质和核糖体RMA，然后使用荧光技术 以监测在位置和构象的变化， 在特定的反应步骤中发生的组分 蛋白质合成 预计结果将直接 与人工酶的体外合成有关， 生物技术程序和蛋白质控制 在某些病理学中的综合作用。

The objective is to understand in chemical-mechanical terms how ribosomes and the macromolecules that interact with them form proteins. The primary objective is to monitor and describe the extension of a nascent peptide as it is extended by the stepwise addition of amino acids at the ribosomal peptidyl transferase center. particular attention will be given to the question of whether the nascent peptide is channeled from the peptidyl transferase to the exit domain through a tunnel that transversed the large ribosomal subunit, and if so, to determine how the nascent peptide is inserted into the tunnel. Secondary objective are to determine when the mRNA moves through the ribosome during the reaction step of peptide elongation and to further analyze how antibiotics such as erythromycin and chloromphenical inhibit protein synthesis. The approach is to covalently attack fluorophores at specific sites on the tRNA, mRNA ribosomal proteins, and ribosomal RMA, then to use fluorescence techniques to monitor changes in the position and conformation of the components that occur during the specific reaction steps of protein synthesis. The results are anticipated to be directly relevant to the in vitro synthesis of artificial enzymes by biotechnological procedures and to the control of protein synthesis in certain pathologies.