Biogeochemistry of Carbon and Silicon on the Antarctic Shelf: Particle Flux and Taxonomic Studies

该项目是对罗斯海水柱中生物二氧化硅垂直通量和溶解速率研究的更新，是罗斯海水柱和沉积物中生物二氧化硅和有机碳循环协调研究的一部分。南极深海和大陆架环境是全球海洋中二氧化硅积累的主要储存库，并主导着全球二氧化硅的收支。罗斯海是一个特别反常的地区，在那里，现代沉积物中积累了大量的生物成因二氧化硅，而地表生产率通常低于全球平均水平。此外，海洋硅和碳循环之间的通常相似之处似乎并不适用于南极洲周围，这两个循环是分离的，因为现代沉积物中颗粒碳的沉积速度非常低。整个项目是对生产、垂直运输、溶解和沉积过程的综合研究，使用系泊仪器和R/V极地公爵在1989年至1991年期间在罗斯海进行的一系列横断面的直接观测。通过在三个系泊平台上分别在两个深度部署时间序列沉积物捕集器，测量了垂直通量和溶解速率，为期14个月。与透射计和海流计阵列相结合，这些系泊设备将能够在一个完整的年度生产和沉积周期中测量和表征颗粒物质的垂直和水平通量。此次更新的目标是回收再部署两年的一个沉积物捕捉器，完成对目前所有水柱和沉积物捕捉器样本的分析，并与参与该项目的其他调查人员合作，编制所有项目数据集的综合报告。

This project is the renewal of a study of the vertical flux and the rate of dissolution of biogenic silica in the water column of the Ross Sea, and is part of a coordinated study of the biogenic silica and organic carbon cycling in the water column and the sediments of the Ross Sea. The antarctic deep sea and continental shelf environment is the major repository for silica accumulation in the global ocean, and dominates the global silica budget. The Ross Sea is a particularly anomalous area in which large amounts of biogenic silica are accumulating in modern sediments, while the surface production rates are generally below the global average. Moreover the usual similarity between the oceanic silicon and carbon cycle does not appear to hold around Antarctica, and the two cycles are decoupled in that the rate of particulate carbon deposition in the modern sediment is very low. The overall project is an integrated study of the production, vertical transport, dissolution, and deposition processes, using moored instrumentation and direct observations in a series of transects in the Ross Sea by R/V POLAR DUKE, carried out between 1989 and 1991. The vertical flux and dissolution rates were measured by deploying time-series sediment traps at two depths on each of three moorings for a period of fourteen months. In conjunction with transmissometers and current meter arrays, these moorings will allow the measurement and characterization of both vertical and horizontal fluxes of particulate matter during a complete annual cycle of production and sedimentation. The objectives of this renewal are to recover one sediment trap that was redeployed for an additional two years, to complete the analysis of all water column and sediment trap samples that are currently in hand, and to produce a synthesis of all project data sets in cooperation with the other investigators cooperating in this project.