Emergent Properties of Irrigation Networks

几个世纪以来，巴厘岛人一直使用由寺庙祭司控制的灌溉系统来协调稻农的用水计划。当地运营的灌溉系统的有效性受到了社会科学家和发展规划者的质疑，因为它们是否会允许最大限度地提高水稻产量或将失败风险降至最低。这个项目将帮助回答这个问题，并潜在地为复杂系统如何简单而有效地协调提供见解。这项研究将评估巴厘岛水庙网络是自组织管理系统的假设，这是一种迄今未知的复杂适应系统形式。它还将测试计算机模拟模型是否可以预测寺庙网络结构的变化。之前的研究已经使研究人员能够建立和测试水庙在梯田生态管理中所起作用的预测性线性模拟模型。该项目直接建立在这项研究的基础上，但将注意力从个别水庙的生态作用转移到寺庙网络可能的系统级特性上。在崎岖的健身景观上进行共同适应的模型将使人们能够通过对五个不同的河流系统的比较研究，来研究不同生态条件下寺庙网络的紧急特性。优化分析的结果将产生每条河流的适应景观模型，然后将其与现有的寺庙网络进行比较。

For centuries the Balinese have used an irrigation system controlled by temple priests to coordinate the water schedules of paddy rice farmers. The effectiveness of indigenously run irrigation systems has been questioned by social scientists and development planners in terms of whether they will permit the maximization of rice yields or the minimization of risk of failure. This project will help answer this question and potentially provide insights into how complex systems are simply and effectively coordinated. The research will evaluate the hypothesis that Balinese water temple networks are self-organizing managerial systems, a hitherto unknown form of complex adaptive system. It will also test whether computer simulation models can predict variations in the structure of temple networks. Previous research has enabled the investigators to build and test a predictive linear simulation model of the role of water temples in the management of the terraced rice field ecology. This project builds directly on that research, but shifts attention from the ecological role of individual water temples to possible system-level properties of temple networks. Models of coadaptation on rugged fitness landscapes will enable one to investigate emergent properties of temple networks under varying ecological conditions in a comparative study of five different river systems. The results of optimization analyses will yield models of the adaptive landscape of each river, which will then be compared to existing temple networks.