Environmental Change and Adaptive Resource Markets: Computer-Assisted Markets for Water Allocation

水资源的分配是一个复杂的系统，涉及外部性、公共产品和共享生产设施。 这种复杂的系统采用中央当局来解决协调问题，并规定分配问题的解决办法。 在一个技术和环境迅速变化的世界里，政府的解决方案可能进展太慢，无法让社会有效地适应。 智能的、计算机辅助的市场提供了为复杂问题开发灵活的分散解决方案的希望。 聪明的市场允许私人市场的分配立即解决协调问题。 它们还可以纳入环境或分配方面的制约因素;因此，个别决策者可以对不断变化的环境作出反应，使整个社会能够迅速适应。本研究开发，测试和实施一个通用的智能市场的水分配，将初始化应用在加州。 这项研究为任何干旱地区的水资源分配智能市场提供了一个经验性的测试平台：其他应用程序将简单地涉及不同的网络配置和供应源，其参数可用于初始化适当的节点交易系统。

The allocation of water is a complex system, involving externalities, public goods, and shared production facilities. Such complex systems have employed central authorities to solve coordination problems and dictate solutions to the allocation problems. In a world of rapid technological and environmental change, government solutions may move too slowly to allow a society to adapt efficiently. Smart, computer-assisted markets provide the promise of developing flexible decentralized solutions to complex problems. Smart markets allow private market allocations to instantaneously account for coordination problems. They also can incorporate environmental or distributional constraints; thus, individual decision makers can respond to a changing environment, allowing society as a whole to adapt rapidly. This research develops, tests, and implements a generic smart market for water allocation which will be initialized for application in California. The research provides an empirical testbed for a smart market for water allocation in any arid land: other applications will simply involve a different network configuration and supply sources whose parameters can be used to initialize the appropriate nodal trading system.