The Panel Study of Income Dynamics - Waves 30, 31 and 32

9515005斯塔福德收入动态小组研究（PSID）是一项纵向研究，对美国个人（男性，女性和儿童）及其居住的家庭单位进行了代表性样本。 它强调经济和人口行为的动态方面，但其内容广泛，包括社会学和心理学措施。 截至1995年，PSID收集了40，000多人的信息，时间跨度长达28年。在过去五年中，公共卫生和社会发展指数极大地增加了关于健康和财富等重要领域的知识储备;增加了关于被调查者居住地区、死亡率和家庭成员之间关系的详细信息;并增加了用户获得数据的机会。 这笔赠款的目的是将这一独特和首要的社会科学数据资源转化为一个代表美国全体人口的“稳定状态”小组。 稳态面板是一个自我再生的面板，因此将大大有助于研究美国家庭在其生命周期中以及代际上的收入、资产和福祉的变化。 PSID还将通过补充资料收集信息，以增加其在未来的使用： 代际研究; 储蓄、技术和资本形成;健康和老龄化;儿童发展;以及移民。 大多数数据面板可以称为"瞬态"面板。 一个特定的群体被识别。抽取初始样本并收集初始测量集，可能包括回顾性历史。 只要损耗、再接触的努力和死亡率允许，就对样本进行一定时间的跟踪，甚至是无限期的跟踪。 该小组是暂时的，因为没有计划在未来的某个时间增加同一种群的新成员。 稳态面板具有设计用于在稍后的时间点再生相同（或相关）群体的样本的一种或多种机制。 在PSID中，内置的再生机制包括添加样本父母所生的孩子作为样本成员，并遵循分裂。 但是这些机制增加了样本量和PSID的成本，并且它们没有捕捉到自1968年PSID开始以来移民大量涌入所造成的美国人口特征的变化。 PSID将转变为一个"稳定状态"小组，其规模将保持不变，实现并保持长期的国家代表性（包括新加入者），并证明通过以下变化的成本较低：1。 增加1968年后移民的更新样本，以确保PSID代表1997年的美国家庭。 这些移民将按照当年他们在美国人口中的大致比例增加。 根据1997年的核心抽样规模，这意味着增加约750个移民家庭。 2. 删除目前追踪的非抽样受访者（约122人）和体重极低的病例（约200人）。 3. 确定一个较长的周期组的2,939个原始1968年家庭和相关的重新接触，暂停在1997年和采访在1999年与非国家科学基金会的资金。 4. 每隔一年，也就是5年中的3年，即1997年、1999年和2001年，采访剩下的5,929个核心样本家庭，加上750个移民家庭和300个重新合同家庭，以及他们的分裂家庭。 5. 开展额外的再联系工作，并跟踪成功再联系的受访者，以平衡每个调查年度的流失。 6. 继续开发因特网，以便用户及时获取数据。 ??

9515005 Stafford The Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) is a longitudinal study of a representative sample of U.S. individuals (men, women, and children) and the family units in which they reside. It emphasizes the dynamic aspects of economic and demographic behavior, but its content is broad, including sociological and psychological measures. As of 1995, the PSID had collected information about more than 40,000 individuals spanning as much as 28 years of their lives. In the last five years, the PSID added enormously to the stock of knowledge about important areas such as health and wealth; added detailed information on the residential areas in which respondents live, on mortality, and on relationships among family members; and increased the accessibility of the data to users. The purpose of this grant is to transform this unique and premier social science data resource into a "steady state" panel representing the full U.S. population in perpetuity. A steady state panel is one designed to be self-regenerating, and so will greatly facilitate the study of the evolving income, assets, and well-being of American families over their life-cycle and, intergenerationally, that of their children. The PSID will also through supplements collect information that will increase its use in the future for: intergenerational studies; savings, technology and capital formation; health and aging; child development; and immigration. Most data panels are what can be called "transient" panels. A particular population is identified. An initial sample is drawn and an initial set of measurements collected, possibly including retrospective histories. The sample is followed for some specified or even indefinite length of time, so long as attrition, in combination with recontact efforts, and mortality permit. The panel is transient in that no plans are made to add new members of the same population at a future time. A steady-state panel has some mechanism or mechanisms designed to regenerate samples o f the same (or related) population at a later point in time. In the PSID, built-in mechanisms for regeneration include adding children born to sample parents as sample members in their own right and following splitoffs. But these mechanisms increased the sample size and the cost of the PSID and they do not capture the changes in the character of the U.S. population caused by the larger influx of immigrants since the start of the PSID in 1968. The PSID will be transformed into a "steady state" panel that would remain about the same size, attain and maintain long-term national representation (inclusive of new entrants), and prove less costly to run through the following changes: 1. Add a refresher sample of post-1968 immigrants to ensure that the PSID is representative of U.S. households in 1997. The immigrants would be added in proportion to their approximate representation in the U.S. population that year. Based upon the 1997 core sample size, this means adding about 750 immigrant households. 2. Delete the nonsample respondents currently followed (about 122), and extreme low weight cases (about 200). 3. Identify a longer periodicity group of 2,939 original 1968 families and related recontacts to suspend in 1997 and interview in 1999 with non-NSF funding. 4. Interview the remaining 5,929 core sample families, plus 750 immigrants and 300 recontracts, and their splitoffs, every other year, that is, in 3 of the 5 years: 1997, 1999, and 2001. 5. Conduct additional recontact efforts and follow the successful recontacted respondents so as to balance attrition in each of the survey years. 6. Continue Internet development for timely user access to the data. ??