Integrative genomic and genetic analysis of nonhost resistance across Triticeae species (TritNONHOST)

该项目的科学目的是确定和探索小麦和大麦对三种具有巨大经济和生态影响的病原菌的非寄主抗性遗传框架，这些病原菌会导致谷物中的锈病（锈菌）、白粉病（Blumeria spp）和稻瘟病（Magnaporthe spp.）。一项全球差异基因表达分析，比较相容的寄主和非寄主相互作用，将允许鉴定小麦和大麦非寄主抗性中涉及的常见、植物物种特异性和病原体物种特异性途径。功能基因组学方法将用于测试相应谷物物种中潜在的非宿主抗性基因的功能，以抵抗非适应性和适应性病原体。这些功能数据将与来自新种群分离的非寄主抗性的定量遗传数据相结合，以便为候选基因在小麦非寄主抗性中的作用提供趋同证据（图1）。该项目的成果将使我们对谷物非寄主抗性生物学的基本内部运作有一个新的认识，这将为欧洲植物育种行业提供实现对主要病原体可持续抗性所需的知识和工具。最终目的是将非寄主抗性的遗传成分从一种谷物转移到另一种谷物，以实现对适应病原体的“非寄主”抗性。

The scientific aim of this project is to identify and explore the genetic framework for nonhost resistance in wheat and barley to three pathogens of enormous economic and ecological impact causing rust (Puccinia spp.), powdery mildew (Blumeria spp.) and blast (Magnaporthe spp.) disease in cereals. A global, differential gene-expression analysis, comparing compatible host and nonhost interactions will allow the identification of common, plant species-specific and pathogen speciesspecific pathways involved in nonhost resistance in wheat and barley. Functional genomics approaches will be used to test the function of potential nonhost resistance genes in the corresponding cereal species for resistance to non-adapted as well as adapted pathogens. The functional data will be combined with quantitative genetic data from novel populations segregating for nonhost resistance, in order to provide convergent evidence for a role of candidate genes in nonhost resistance of Triticeae (Figure 1). The outputs from this project will provide us with a new level of understanding of the fundamental inner workings of the biology of nonhost resistance in cereals that will provide the European plant breeding industry with the knowledge and tools required to achieve sustainable resistance to major pathogens. The ultimate aim is to transfer the genetic components of nonhost resistance from one cereal to the other to achieve “nonhost-like” resistance to the adapted pathogen.