User Costs in Seismic Risk Management for Urban Infrastructure Systems

9802151 Chang本项目探讨如何将用户影响纳入评估基础设施系统地震风险管理措施成本效益的方法中。它试图证明如何在生命周期成本分析的框架内应用用户成本。生命周期成本分析是一种与效益/成本分析相关的方法，它考虑了除了初始建设成本外，与投资项目相关的维护和其他长期成本。它的优点是允许在常规基础设施管理实践的背景下评估减轻地震灾害。对于基础设施系统来说，这一点尤其重要，因为某些类型的地震升级程序（例如，管道更换）可能会降低正常的维护成本，从而带来附带效益。具体任务包括建立考虑用户成本的指导方针，在生命周期成本分析框架内开发用户成本方法，并使用美国地震易发地区的实际城市基础设施系统实施两到三个案例研究***

9802151 Chang This project explores how user impacts can be incorporated into methods for assessing the cost effectiveness of seismic risk management measures for infrastructure systems. It seeks to demonstrate how user costs can be applied within the framework of life cycle costs analysis. Life cycle cost analysis, an approach related to benefit/cost analysis, considers maintenance and other long-term costs associated with an investment project in addition to the initial cost of construction. It has the advantage of allowing the assessment of seismic hazard mitigation in the context of routine infrastructure management practice. This is particularly important in the case of infrastructure systems where some types of seismic upgrading procedures (e.g., pipe replacement) may reduce normal maintenance costs as a collateral benefit. Specific tasks include establishing guidelines for consideration for user costs, developing a user cost methodology within the framework of life cycle costs analysis, and implementating two to three case studies using actual urban infrastructure systems in seismically vulnerable regions of the U.S. ***