SCICEX 98 and 99: Tracer Studies of the Large Scale Circulation of the Upper and Intermediate Waters in the Canadian Basin

【摘要】9813539 schlosser该项目是利用美国海军核潜艇作为研究平台的sciex计划的一部分。这是北极自然科学项目、海军研究办公室和作战海军之间的一个联合科学项目。该项目将分析SCICEX 98号邮轮收集的样本，并将从即将到来的SCICEX 99号邮轮收集和分析样本。科学目标是通过一些化学示踪剂绘制北冰洋表面和盐层水的分布、路径和平均停留时间。这些信息对于我们理解陆架/盆地交换、淡水分布和环流、淡水对上层水域分层稳定性的影响，以及北极淡水输出变化对格陵兰、冰岛、挪威和拉布拉多海深水形成的可能影响非常重要。此外，这些数据有助于填补用于模型校准的示踪剂数据库中的空白。新数据将与之前SCICEX和破冰船巡航的示踪数据集相结合，并根据上述项目的目标进行解释。该项目将提供关于北冰洋地表水循环和淡水平衡的新结果。在SCICEX 98巡航期间，研究小组在4个地面站点收集了64个氧同位素、64个氚同位素、64个氦同位素和64个氯氟碳（CFC）样本。在SCICEX 99期间，科学小组将在24个螺旋站中，每个螺旋站收集10个氧同位素、氦同位素和氚样本。10个样本包括8个深度水平和2个重复。氟氯化碳将采用一种新的采样方法（在1997年巡航期间，潜艇内部使用火焰密封方法存在氟氯化碳污染问题）。样品将被收集并储存在铜管中。利用这种新方法，将在5个螺旋站收集50个CFC样本。此外，将收集约200个正在进行的氧同位素样本。在SCICEX 98和99次巡航中，总共将分析304个氚，304个氦同位素，114个CFC和500个氧同位素样品。

ABSTRACT9813539SchlosserThis project is part of the SCICEX program, which makes use of U.S. Navy nuclear submarines as a research platform. This is a joint science program between the Arctic Natural Sciences Program, the Office of Naval Research and the operational Navy. This project will analyze samples collected on the SCICEX 98 cruise and will collect and analyze samples from the upcoming SCICEX 99 cruise. The scientific goal is to map the distribution, pathways, and mean residence times of the surface and halocline waters of the Arctic Ocean by means of a number of chemical tracers. This information is important for our understanding of the shelf/basin exchange, the freshwater distribution and circulation, the impact of freshwater on the stability of the stratification of the upper waters, and the possible effect of variability in the freshwater exportfrom the Arctic on deep-water formation in the Greenland, Iceland, Norwegian (GIN) and Labrador seas. Additionally, these data contribute to filling the gaps in the tracer database used for model calibration. The new data will be combined with tracer data sets from previous SCICEX and icebreaker cruises and interpreted in terms of the goals of this project outlined above. This project will provide new results from the Arctic Ocean on the surface water circulation and freshwater balance.During the SCICEX 98 cruise the team collected 64 oxygen isotope, 64 tritium, 64 helium isotope, and 64 chloroflurocarbon (CFC) samples at 4 surface stations. During SCICEX 99, the science team will collect 10 samples per spiral station for oxygen isotopes, helium isotopes and tritium at a total of 24 spirals stations. The ten samples include 8 depth levels plus 2 replicates. A new sampling method will be applied for CFCs (there were problems with CFC contaminationusing the flame sealing method in the interior of the submarine during the 97 cruise). The samples will be collected and stored in copper tubes. Using this new method, 50 CFC samples will be collected at 5 of the spiral stations. Additionally, about 200 underway oxygen isotopesamples will be collected. For both the SCICEX 98 and 99 cruises a total of 304 tritium, 304 helium isotope, 114 CFC, and 500 oxygen isotope samples will be analyzed.