Smart Fiber Optics System for Condition Monitoring of Railway Bridges

用于铁路桥梁状态监测的智能光纤系统计划中的高速铁路（HSR）在承载大量货物的桥梁上运行，增加了确保这些桥梁安全的重要性。连接高速客运列车的桥梁发生故障，可能会严重扰乱服务，并可能造成灾难性后果。桥梁是铁路的主要资产，因为它们的重置成本很高。它们也是铁路线路中最关键的部件之一，因为如果它们在火车下发生故障，可能会造成责任，而且故障会导致服务中断。因此，从经济、安全和运营的角度来看，仔细监测桥梁的健康状况，以防止立即出现问题，并在潜在的困难变得严重之前发现它们，这是至关重要的。我们建议使用先进的计算智能方法和专门设计的光纤仪器来开发一个易于安装的遥感桥梁状态监测系统。这个先进的传感系统的数据将被自动收集和分析，用于状态监测。拟议的系统将具有成本效益，并将通过持续监测桥梁健康的短期和长期方面来解决高铁安全问题。该系统的第一部分将允许持续检测可能立即造成安全隐患并需要关闭桥梁的重大损坏或缺陷。其中包括由于事故或自然原因（如地震、强风或山洪暴发）造成的重大结构损坏、失去对齐或失去支撑。该系统的第二个组成部分将由列车接近触发，并将通过列车本身进行负载测试来监测桥梁的状况。相对较高的活载与恒载比，加上铁路桥梁上列车的可预测位置和负载特性分布，可以使用计算智能方法进行重复测量和可靠的持续评估。这方面的系统将使频繁，经济的监测桥梁健康，并允许更好地管理桥梁的维护和维修。提出的研究的主要目的是利用计算智能方法和光纤开发和测试铁路桥梁在服务载荷下的连续状态监测系统。所提出的系统将能够在正常列车交通载荷下对仪表和遥感铁路桥梁进行连续状态监测。拟议的研究将分三个阶段进行。在第一阶段，将进一步扩展和完善基于计算智能的智能状态监测方法，并开发相关软件。光纤探测系统的开发和测试将在拟议研究的第二阶段进行。在研究的最后阶段，智能状态监测系统和光纤系统将在结构实验室的铁路比例模型上进行测试。在成功完成拟议研究的三个阶段后，将在下一个项目继续研究期间进行广泛的实地试验。

Smart Fiber Optics System for Condition Monitoring of Railway BridgesThe planned High-Speed Rail (HSR) operation on bridges that also carry heavy freight traffic increases the importance of assuring the safety of these bridges. The consequences of a bridge failure in connection with a high-speed passenger train could seriously disrupt service and potentially be catastrophic. Bridges are major assets of railroads because of their high replacement cost. They are also among the most critical elements of railroad lines because of the potential liability if they fail under a train, and the disruption in service that would result from a failure. Consequently it is vital from an economic, safety, and operations standpoint that bridge health be carefully monitored for immediate problems and that potential difficulties be detected before they become critical.We propose to develop an easy-to-install, remote-sensing bridge condition monitoring system using advanced computational intelligence methods and specially designed fiber optics instrumentation. The data from this advanced sensing system will be automatically collected and analyzed for condition monitoring. The proposed system will be cost effective and will address HSR safety concerns by continuously monitoring both short and long-term aspects of bridge health. The first part of the system will allow continuous detection of major damage or defects that would pose an immediate safety hazard and would require closure of the bridge. These will include major structural damage, loss of alignment, or loss of support due to accidents or natural causes, such as earthquakes, strong wind, or flash floods. The second component of the system will be triggered by the approaching of train and will monitor the condition of the bridge by using the train itself to perform a load test. The relatively high live to dead load ratio, combined with the predictable location and distribution of loads characteristic of a train on a railroad bridge, enables repeated measurement and reliable, ongoing assessment using computational intelligence methods. This aspect of the system will enable frequent, economical monitoring of bridge health and allow much better management of bridge maintenance and repair.The main objective of the proposed research is to develop and test a system for continuous condition monitoring of railway bridges under service loads using computational intelligence methods and fiber optics. The proposed system will be capable of continuous condition monitoring of the instrumented and remotely sensed railway bridges under normal train traffic loading. The proposed research will be conducted in three stages. In the first stage, the computational intelligence based smart condition monitoring methodology will be further expanded and improved and the associated software will be developed. The development and testing of fiber optic detection systems will take place in the second stage of the proposed research. In the last phase of the proposed research the smart condition monitoring system and fiber optics system will be tested in the structural laboratory on a scale model of a railway. After the successful completion of the three stages of the proposed research, extensive field-testing will be undertaken during the continuation of the research in the next project.