A Web-Based Interactive Teaching Database Advanced Hydrology: The Mirror Lake Watershed

9978335贝克每个地球科学讲师都认识到边做边学的价值，以及现实世界数据的激励优势。真正的水文数据可从互联网和其他来源获得，但这些数据集很少是全面的或放在更大的地球系统的背景下。这个互动式教学数据库（ITD）将提供在哈伯德布鲁克实验森林收集的40多年水文信息，其形式将允许在课堂上有效实施。将提供有关镜湖大气、地表水和地下水通量的详细水文数据，以及有关哈伯德溪谷水文、地质和生态的更多一般信息。因此，水文学讲师将能够在更大的环境系统的背景下创建涉及这些数据的教学练习。此外，水文过渡段将包括一个互动的同伴学习指南，为学生提供实践先进的水文定量方法的机会。本指南将利用最新的基于互联网的科学可视化技术，包括Java applet和基于VRML的三维交互式对象。需要练习的技能包括利用径流衰退估算基流和地下水补给，利用能量平衡估算蒸散，计算流域的水文收支，以及开发地下水流量的数值模型。计算将使用电子表格、简单的基于java的算法和地下水模型MODFLOW进行。教育问题和基础数据将以美国地质调查局发表的研究为基础，以确保数据质量，并为高年级本科生和初级研究生教学提供资源。过渡段数据集也将是第一个全面的数字汇编数据，这些数据来自对镜湖地表和地下水盆地的密集水文研究。过渡段数据集将采用开放式架构设计，以便将来可以扩展到更多在哈伯德布鲁克实验森林收集的大量生态、水文和地质数据。

9978335BeckerEvery geoscience instructor recognizes the value of learning-by-doing, and the motivational advantage of real-world data. Real hydrologic data is available on the Internet and other sources, but rarely are the data sets comprehensive or placed in the context of a larger Earth system. This Interactive Teaching Database (ITD) will offer over 40 years hydrologic information collected at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, in a form that will allow for effective implementation in the classroom. Detailed hydrologic data concerning the atmospheric, surface, and ground water fluxes to Mirror Lake will be provided, along with more general information about the hydrology, geology, and ecology of the Hubbard Brook Valley. Thus, the instructor of hydrology will be able to create instructional exercises involving these data in the context of a larger environmental system. In addition, the hydrologic ITD will include an interactive companion study guide that provides students the opportunity to practice advanced hydrologic quantitative methods. This guide will take advantage of the latest in internet-based scientific visualization technology, including Java applets and VRML based three-dimensional interactive objects. The skills to be practiced include estimating baseflow and ground-water recharge using streamflow recession, estimating evapotranspiration using an energy balance, calculating the hydrologic budget of a watershed, and developing a numerical model of ground-water flow. Calculations will be carried-out using spreadsheets, simple Java-based algorithms, and the ground-water model MODFLOW. Educational problems and the underlying data will be based on published studies by the U.S. Geological Survey to ensure data quality and to provide a resource for upper-level undergraduate and entry-level graduate instruction, the ITD will also be the first comprehensive digital compilation of data resulting from the intensive hydrologic study of the Mirror Lake surface and ground water basin. The ITD will be designed with an open architecture, so that in the future it may be expanded to include more of the tremendous amount of ecologic, hydrologic, and geologic data that have been collected at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.