SGER: The Aftermath of Hurricane Floyd: Assessment of the Geomorphic Effectiveness of the 1999 Flood on the Tar River, North Carolina

由于很少发生和识别地层记录中的个别事件的困难，很少有研究探讨个别的，大洪水事件对洪泛区沉积的影响。 虽然相当数量的研究表明，一个强大的关系之间存在着中等流量事件和泥沙输运和通道形态，景观改造的大洪水的作用仍然不确定。1999年9月在北卡罗来纳州东部的非常洪水造成的飓风丹尼斯和弗洛伊德提供了一个不寻常的机会，研究低频率，高量级洪水的地貌效果。 拟议的研究通过（1）测量和绘制沉积、洪泛区冲刷和颗粒大小的空间模式，（2）将这些模式与洪泛区特征联系起来，（3）将现场数据与美国地质调查局测量的沉积物负荷进行比较，以及（4）量化洪水沉积物中几种与沉积物相关的污染物的储存和位置。 将从横跨焦油河的五个样带沿着约100-150个采样点收集实地数据。 将应用粒度分析、化学分析和空间分析来分析这些数据。该项目的意义在于提供一个很少能收集到的有用数据集。 这些数据和相关研究将有助于我们更好地了解罕见洪水期间的基本泥沙输运和沉积动力学，并将允许与更受控制的河流系统上的罕见洪水动力学进行比较。 这项研究还将提供更多必要的证据，以了解沉积记录中大型灾难性事件的重要性。

Because of the infrequent occurrence and the difficulty of recognizing individual events in the stratigraphic record, few studies have examined the impacts of individual, large flood events on floodplain sedimentation. Although a considerable amount of research has demonstrated that a strong relationship exists between moderate flow events and sediment transport and channel morphology, the role of large floods in landscape modification remains uncertain.The extraordinary floods of September 1999 in eastern North Carolina resulted from hurricanes Dennis and Floyd provide an unusual opportunity to examine the geomorphic effectiveness of a low frequency, high magnitude flood. The proposed study examines the magnitude and spatial variability of floodplain sedimentation along the Tar River, North Carolina by (1) measuring and mapping spatial patterns of sedimentation, floodplain scour, and particle size, (2) linking these patterns to floodplain characteristics, (3) comparing the field data with sediment loads measured by the U.S. Geological Survey, and (4) quantifying the storage and location of several sediment-associated contaminants in the flood deposits. Field data will be collected from about 100-150 sample sites along five transects across the Tar River. Particle size analysis, chemical analysis, and spatial analysis will be applied to analyze these data.The significance of the project is to provide a useful data set that can rarely be collected. The data and the associated research will help improve our understanding of basic sediment transport and deposition dynamics during rare floods and will allow comparisons with the dynamics of rare floods on more controlled river systems. The research will also provide additional evidence necessary to understand the importance of large, catastrophic events in the sedimentary record.