Operation of the CPR Survey in the North Atlantic

连续浮游生物记录仪（CPR）调查（1931年至今）是世界上唯一的浮游生物长期和海洋范围的业务调查。人们越来越认识到这种多年代际时间序列作为评估环境变化的“晴雨表”的价值。人们日益认识到，海洋生态系统的质量受到各种各样的人为影响，从污染压力、富营养化、生物多样性丧失到过度开发渔业资源。随着生态系统方法应用于环境管理，评价和量化这些问题的规模和影响正变得越来越重要。与上述问题叠加的是气候变化对海洋生态系统的潜在影响，这种影响似乎与人为温室气体和全球温度的增加有关。这项调查是由北大西洋的阿利斯特·哈迪爵士海洋科学基金会（SAHFOS）运作的，由一个国际财团资助。自1990年SAHFOS成立以来，美国作为该联盟的成员在帮助支持调查方面发挥了关键作用。作为一个长期项目，主要目标是保持调查的空间和时间完整性，并继续增加时间序列的年份。这项调查已经包含了近20万个样本，分析了大约400个不同的动物园和浮游植物分类群。这一资源为在广泛的时间和空间尺度上研究远洋生态系统提供了机会。随着调查扩展到其他区域海洋，不同大型海洋生态系统之间的比较生态学研究将成为可能。用多光谱卫星产品进行校准具有很高的潜力。这些结果已经证明了与以北大西洋涛动（NAO）为代表的水文气候变率的高度显著关系，并且作为新一代基于生态系统的渔业模型的输入具有相当大的希望。其他目标包括：进一步了解观测到的年代际和较短时期空间和时间变异背后的机制，以及在海洋生态系统全球和气候变化的背景下解释水生生物变异和生物多样性。SAHFOS的核心目标是在GOOS、GLOBEC和LMEs等国际项目中推广CPR方法。

The Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, (1931 to present) is the only long- term and ocean basin wide operational survey of plankton in the world. There has been an increasing recognition of the value of this multi-decadal time series as a 'barometer' against which to assess environmental change. There is a growing awareness that the quality of marine ecosystems is subject to a wide range of anthropogenic impacts from pollution stress, eutrophication, and loss of biodiversity, to over exploitation of fishing resources. Evaluating and quantifying the scale and effects of such issues is becoming increasingly important as an ecosystem approach is applied to environmental management. Superimposed on the above issues are the potential effects of climate change on oceanic ecosystems that appear to be linked to increases in anthropogenic greenhouse gases and global temperature. Operated by the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science (SAHFOS) in the North Atlantic, this survey is supported by an international consortium of funding. . The USA as a member of this consortium has played a key role in helping to underpin the survey since SAHFOS was established in 1990. As a long term program, the main objective is to maintain the spatial and temporal integrity of the survey and to continue to add further years to the time series. The Survey already comprises close to 200,000 samples analyzed into ~400 different taxa of zoo- and phytoplankton. This resource provides opportunities for study of pelagic ecosystems at a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. As the survey expands into other regional seas and oceans comparative ecological studies between different Large Marine Ecosystems will be possible. High potential exists for calibration with multispectral satellite products. The results have already demonstrated highly significant relationships with hydroclimatic variability represented by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and hold considerable promise as input to a new generation of ecosystem based fishery models. Other objectives include: the development of an improved understanding of mechanisms behind observed decadal and shorter period spatial and temporal variability and the interpretation of hydrobiological variability and biodiversity within the context of global and climate change in marine ecosystems. Central to the aims of SAHFOS is the promotion of the CPR approach within international programs such as GOOS, GLOBEC and LMEs.