Phylogenetics and Biogeography of Aeglidae

[00:75 . 600]据了解，南美南部有超过70种淡水蟹科（十足目：野蟹）的特有物种。这些螃蟹是一个有趣而独特的研究群体，因为：(1)物种多样性的不同寻常的分布：鳞蟹是唯一局限于淡水的异常动物；(2)形态特征：未发育足部（即腹侧的5对附属物），甲壳以线条细分，鳃结构为三支（分三支）；(3)螃蟹对淡水生态系统的生态重要性，以及许多已知物种可能被视为濒危或易危的事实；(4)限制小龙虾扩散的作用。尽管这一群体对进化研究很有吸引力，但还没有关于其系统发育关系的研究。这一建议代表了第一次详细的尝试，以发现鹰科的进化关系。本研究将对该科的所有种以及它们的一些异种近缘Galatheidae、Porcellanidae和Chirostylidae （galatheo总科）进行取样，作为检验该科单系性的外群。将筛选7个线粒体和核基因，调查约7800 bp的序列数据。因此，系统发育分析将包括使用最大简约、邻居连接和最大似然分离和组合的多个DNA区域，并将这些方法与Templeton， Crandall和Sing （TCS）方法相结合。恢复一个强大的系统发育假说，将提供一个框架，在此基础上，我们可以测试几个假设。例如，在星系总科的分类位置是什么？是由北到南，还是由西到东，还是两者兼而有之？出现水坑的河流流域的生物地理历史是什么？在先前确定的淡水溪流生物特有的区域中，这些区域的保护优先事项是什么？从这项研究中建立的初步结果和未来的系统发育关系、引物序列、PCR条件和每个物种的彩色照片将被纳入KAC实验室创建的一个新的淡水蟹网页，作为生命之树网络项目的一部分（http://ag.arizona.edu/tree/）。这将有助于把各级学校的研究和教育结合起来。该项目还将提供与巴西和智利生物学家的合作，并为杨百翰大学的至少一名博士后研究员和一名本科生提供培训。

0075600CrandallOver 70 species and subspecies of freshwater crabs from the family Aeglidae (Decapoda: Anomura) are known to be endemic to southern South America. These crabs are an interesting and unique group to study because of (1) the unusual distribution of species diversity: aeglids are the only anomurans restricted to freshwater; (2) their morphological peculiarities: they have not developed pleopods (these are the 5 pairs of appendages on the ventral abdomen), the carapace is subdivided by lines, and the gill structure is trichobranchiate (divided into three branches); (3) the ecological importance of crabs to freshwater ecosystems, and the fact that many of the known species may be considered endangered or vulnerable; and (4) the role they play in limiting crayfish dispersion. Despite the attraction of this group for evolutionary study, there has been no work on its phylogenetic relationships. This proposal represents the first detailed attempt to discover the evolutionary relationships of Aeglidae.This study will sample all the speices of the family and some of their anomuran relatives Galatheidae, Porcellanidae and Chirostylidae (Galatheoidea), which will serve as outgroups to test the monophyly of the Aeglidae. Seven mitochondrial and nuclear genes will be screened to survey approximately 7800 bp of sequence data. Thus phylogenetic analysis will comprise multiple DNA regions separated and combined using maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining and maximum likelihood, and combinations of these methods with the Templeton, Crandall, and Sing (TCS) method. Recovering a robust phylogenetic hypothesis for Aeglidae will provide a framework on aeglid systematics upon which we can test several hypotheses. For example, what is the taxonomic position of Aeglidae in the Galatheoidea? Did Aeglidae speciation occur from north to south or from west to east or some combination? What are the biogeograpical histories of the river drainages in which aeglids occur? Of the previously identified regions of endemism of freshwater stream organisms, what are the conservation priorities for these regions?Preliminary results and future phylogenetic relationships established from this study, primer sequences, PCR conditions and color photos of each species will be incorporated in a new freshwater crab web page that will be created in the KAC lab as part of the Tree of Life web project (http://ag.arizona.edu/tree/). This will contribute to integration of research and education at all school levels. This project will also provide collaborations with Brazilian and Chilean biologists, and training for at least one postdoctoral research associate and one undergraduate student at Brigham Young University.