Prosecuting Crimes Against Humanity in the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

这项研究将研究前南斯拉夫问题国际刑事法庭(前南问题国际法庭)检察官办公室，这是第一个真正意义上的起诉战争罪、种族灭绝罪、违反日内瓦四公约和危害人类罪的国际法院。这项研究将使用社会运动的结构理论来解释前南问题国际法庭的出现和演变，重点是政治机会、动员结构和通过人的作用形成的文化框架。特别强调首席检察官路易丝·阿布尔的任期，因为她贡献了人的机构和文化重构的要素，这些要素对于利用冷战后时期提供的机会和调动法庭的组织潜力至关重要。这项研究将涉及档案工作和两次小组调查浪潮，以及从OTP的320名员工中随机抽取约200名受访者进行面对面采访。调查和访谈将提供法庭如何设立的人口概况和人种图景，以及调查和审判小组如何作为动员结构运作，以建立个人对组织目标的承诺。这些调查和访谈是为了严格检验这一论点：在这种情况下，通过法庭工作组在人际间密切接触动员结构，是致力于实现法庭成功起诉战争罪和其他危害人类罪目标的关键来源。这项工作的主题归根结底是，人权机构的集体利益取决于将路易丝·阿布尔等人物的领导转化为海牙法庭调查和审判小组成员等个人的日常集体承诺的方式。这是第一次重点研究前南问题国际法庭作为“活的法律”，即作为“行动中的法律”的实际制度化和运作情况。

This research will study the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), the first truly international court for the prosecution of war crimes, genocide, breaches of the Geneva Conventions, and crimes against humanity. The research will use a structural theory of social movements to explain the emergence and evolution of the ICTY by focusing on political opportunities, mobilization structures, and cultural framing through human agency. Particular emphasis is placed on the tenure of Louise Arbour, the Chief Prosecutor, as she contributed elements of human agency and cultural reframing that were essential in utilizing opportunities presented by the post-cold war period and in mobilizing the organizational potential of the Tribunal. The research will involve archival work and two panel survey waves and in-person interviews with about 200 respondents randomly sampled from 320 employees of the OTP. The survey and interviews will provide a demographic profile and ethnographic picture of how the Tribunal was established and how the investigation and trial teams operate as mobilizing structures in building personal commitment to organizational goals. The surveys and interviews is to provide a stringent test of the thesis that intense interpersonal exposure to mobilizing structures, in this case through the Tribunal work teams, is a key source of commitment to Tribunal goals involving the successful prosecution of war crimes and other crimes against humanity. The theme of this work is ultimately that the collective benefit of human agency is dependent on the way in which the leadership of figures such as Louise Arbour can be translated into the everyday and collective commitment of individuals like those who make up the investigation and trial teams of The Hague Tribunal. This is the first study to focus on the actual institutionalization and operation of the ICTY as "living law," that is, as "law in action."