High-Resolution Electrocardiographic Localization

0201939He目前定位心律失常的来源需要侵入性和复杂的程序。心律失常起源部位的非侵入性定位对于许多患者将具有巨大价值，并且将允许心脏病专家将干预集中在心律失常的来源处，而不需要冗长的心内标测。目前，结合程控刺激技术的侵入性标测程序在与更新的治疗技术（包括自动心内消融器的植入和心肌组织的选择性射频消融）结合使用中已经稳步增加。在三维（3D）心肌中定位激活起源部位的非侵入性方法的可用性将大大提高帮助监测和指导侵入性治疗和诊断技术（如程控刺激和选择性导管尖端消融）的能力。本项目的目标是开发和评估一种新的心电图定位方法，用于准确和快速定位心脏激动的起源部位，从非侵入性心电图（ECG）测量。为了实现这一目标，以下目标将被解决：（1）开发和评估一种新的心脏模型为基础的方法，快速，准确地定位心脏激活的起源部位，从非侵入性体表心电图测量，与各向异性的逼真形状的心脏模型的帮助。 (2)在一系列控制良好的计算机模拟中系统地评估所提出的3D心电图定位方法的能力。 (3)在临床环境中验证所提出的3D心电图定位方法。这些目标的工作假设是，通过将生理过程的先验信息，将能够实现更大的稳定性和准确性时，解决逆问题，允许准确定位心脏激动的起源网站。

0201939HeLocating the source of cardiac arrhythmia currently requires an invasive and complex procedure. Noninvasive localization of sites of origin of arrhythmia would be of enormous value for numerous patients and would allow cardiologists to focus the intervention at the source of the arrhythmia without the need for lengthy intra-cardiac mapping. Currently, invasive mapping procedures in conjunction with programmed stimulation techniques have been steadily increasing in use in combination with newer therapeutic techniques including implantation of automatic intra-cardiac defibrillators and selective radio-frequency ablation of myocardial tissue. The availability of a noninvasive means of localizing sites of origin of activation in three-dimensional (3D) myocardium will greatly increase the ability to help monitor and guide invasive therapeutic and diagnostic techniques such as programmed stimulation and selective catheter-tip ablation. The goal of this project is to develop and evaluate a novel electrocardiographic localization methodology for accurate and rapid localization of sites of origin of cardiac activation from noninvasive electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements. To accomplish this goal the following aims will be addressed: (1) To develop and evaluate a novel heart-model-based approach to rapidly and accurately localize sites of origin of cardiac activation from noninvasive body surface ECG measurements, with the aid of an anisotropic realistically shaped heart model. (2) To systematically evaluate the capability of the proposed 3D electrocardiographic localization approach in a series of well-controlled computer simulations. (3) To validate the proposed 3D electrocardiographic localization approach in a clinical setting. The working hypothesis for these aims is that, by incorporating a priori information on physiological processes, one will be able to achieve greater stability and accuracy when solving the inverse problem, allowing accurately localizing sites of origin of cardiac activation.