Further Analysis and Modeling Studies of Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS) Cases

该项目继续了2000年初夏在堪萨斯进行的STEPS计划（强雷暴电气化和降水研究）中观测到的风暴的分析和建模工作。 它包括分析穿透风暴的T-28飞机收集的云电和微物理数据，并用三维数值云模型模拟电荷和降水的产生。 这项研究是与其他STEPS研究人员合作进行的，他们将提供数据，包括用于确定降水类型的偏振雷达测量，用于确定雷暴运动结构的双多普勒雷达测量，气球载电场测量以及由VHF闪电测绘仪测量的雷击三维地图。 注意力将集中于2000年6月11日和6月29日的风暴。 一个主要的目标是解释为什么有些风暴主要产生正的云对地闪电放电，而另一些产生负放电。 综合电、微物理和风暴结构数据，将有助于更好地了解雷暴中闪电形成的机制以及风暴电特性与它们产生的降水之间的关系。

This project continues the work initiated earlier on analysis and modeling of storms observed on the STEPS program (Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study) conducted in Kansas in the early summer of 2000. It includes the analysis of cloud electrical and microphysical data collected by the storm-penetrating T-28 aircraft and modeling the production of charge and precipitation with a three-dimensional numerical cloud model. The research is carried out in collaboration with other STEPS investigators, who will provide data including polarimetric radar measurements to identify precipitation type, dual-Doppler radar measurements to define the kinematic structure of thunderstorms, balloon-borne electrical field measurements, and three-dimensional maps of lightning strokes measured by a VHF lightning mapper. Attention will focus on the storms of 11 June and 29 June 2000. A major objective is to explain why some storms produce predominantly positive cloud-to-ground lightning discharges while others produce negative discharges. A synthesis of the electrical, microphysical, and storm-structure data will lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of lightning formation in thunderstorms and the relations between electrical properties of storms and the precipitation they produce.