PEET: Systematic Monography of the Gnomoniaceae (Ascomycetes)

子囊菌目Diaporthales包括腐殖和植物病原真菌，其中最臭名昭著的是改变了北美东部景观的栗疫病菌. 由所包括的Gnomoniaceae科的成员引起的森林和景观疾病包括橡树枯梢病、樱桃叶焦枯病、西卡莫尔溃疡病、白蜡炭疽病、山茱萸炭疽病、胡桃溃疡病以及许多其他疾病。这些微真菌包括许多严重的新兴和入侵的植物病原体，因此，它们的分类亲和性的知识是至关重要的快速检测，控制它们引起的疾病，确定它们的起源和密切的系统发育亲属，并防止未来的引进。虽然具有相当大的经济重要性，真菌在Diaporthales没有收到现代专题治疗，也没有其相关的无性真菌被列入其有限的文献。 这一未充分研究的群体的专题帐户是需要提供的分类框架，为了解入侵的无性真菌的进化，如山茱萸炭疽病和胡桃溃疡的原因。这个伙伴关系的目标是加强专业知识的分类学（PEET）项目是专著的10个主要属和相关真菌的子囊菌科Gnomoniaceae，目的Diaporthales，包括其衍生的无性繁殖的物种使用形态学和分子的方法相结合。 这三组属的Gnomoniaceae将作为独立的，但相互关联的项目进行研究。 每个群体都有几百个活的培养物和参考标本，通过收集和与世界各地的科学家合作获得更多的材料。 研究方法包括使用高质量的光学和扫描电子显微镜检查宏观和微观特征。 数字图像分析系统将用于测量、记录和分析显微特征以及捕获孢子相关结构的诊断图像。 形态学数据和分子DNA序列数据（核核糖体DNA区域和其他基因组标记）将被用来发展关于Gnomoniaceae内谱系的假说。 将使用其他基因的DNA序列分析来检验这些假设，特别是RNA聚合酶B亚基1和2、翻译延伸因子1 α、线粒体ATP 6和线粒体核糖体DNA基因的单独和组合。 这些真菌的专题报道将发表在真菌学期刊上，并与由描述和插图支持的交互式识别键一起沿着在互联网上。

The ascomycete order Diaporthales includes saprobic and plant pathogenicfungi of which the most notorious is the chestnut blight fungus that altered the landscape of eastern North America. Forest and landscape diseases caused by members of the included family Gnomoniaceae include oak dieback, cherry leaf scorch, sycamore canker, ash anthracnose, dogwood anthracnose, butternut canker, and many others. These microfungi include many serious emerging and invasive plant pathogens, thus knowledge of their taxonomic affinities is crucial for rapid detection, control of the diseases they cause, determinination of their origin and close phylogenetic relatives, and prevention of future introductions. Although of considerable economic importance, fungi in the Diaporthales have not received modern monographic treatment nor have their related asexual fungi been included in their limited literature. A monographic account of this understudied group is needed to provide the taxonomic framework for understanding the evolution of invasive asexual fungi such as the causes of dogwood anthracnose and butternut canker. The objective of this Partnership for Enhancing Expertise in Taxonomy (PEET) project is to monograph the ten major genera and related fungi of the ascomycete family Gnomoniaceae, order Diaporthales, including their derived asexual species using a combination of morphological and molecular approaches. The three groups of genera of the Gnomoniaceae will be studied as separate but interrelated projects. Several hundred living cultures and reference specimens are available for each group with additional material to be acquired through collecting and collaborating with scientists throughout the world. The research approach involves examination of macroscopic and microscopic characters using high quality light and scanning electron microscopy. A digital image analysis system will be used for measuring, recording, and analyzing microscopic characters as well as for capturing diagnostic images of spore-related structures. Morphological data and molecular DNA sequence data (nuclear ribosomal DNA regions and other genomic markers) will be used to develop hypotheses about lineages within theGnomoniaceae. These hypotheses will be tested using DNA sequence analyses of additional genes, specifically RNA polymerase B subunits 1 and 2, translation elongation factor 1 alpha, mitochondrial ATP6 and mitochondrial ribosomal DNA genes individually and in combination. Monographic accounts of these fungi will be published in mycological journals and placed on the Internet along with interactive identification keys supported by descriptions and illustrations.