Dissertation Research: Tribal Expansion and Social Boundary Maintenance: Oneota?s Far-Western Edge in the Vicinity of the Swantek Site, Central Nebraska

在约翰·M博士的监督下。奥谢，丹尼尔普将进行挖掘在斯旺泰克网站，一个14世纪世纪奥内塔占领在内布拉斯加州中部。 奥内塔文化于12世纪世纪在中西部发展起来，在大平原上找到如此大量的存在是不寻常的。 研究人员假设，奥内塔人迁移到平原是为了控制野牛和其他草原资源。 这可能是由多种因素造成的，包括在奥内塔早期统治中西部的密西西比酋长权力的削弱，奥内塔经济中越来越多地使用野牛产品，以及奥内塔的组织系统可以很容易地取代平原上组织不那么完善的土著群体。 其他的奥内塔遗址在平原上也是众所周知的，但通常被解释为来自中西部的人偶尔访问平原狩猎野牛的小入侵。 斯旺特克遗址比大平原上的其他奥伊塔遗址更大更复杂，并提供了一个很好的机会来测试史前晚期大平原上是否有一个更永久的奥伊塔存在。 该项目将测试和挖掘Swantek遗址，以确定该遗址有多大，在其上进行了哪些类型的活动，以及占用了多长时间。 该项目将对美国中部大陆史前晚期的理解产生重大影响。 这项研究将收集有关史前部落过程的经验数据，这些数据将修改我们对史前史的理解，同时增加我们对世界各地部落组织社会的理解。将特别关注处于大型部落系统边缘的社会，这些社会与其他系统建立和谈判边界-有时是贸易，有时是战斗，有时是躲避，有时是迁移和扩大领土控制。 在我们日益全球化的世界中，这些扩张、移民、战争和联盟的地方进程极其重要，西方国家与部落组织的人民接触，并直接受到国家和部落社会之间以及部落社会之间在我们国家利益领域的关系的影响。 了解这些社会对自身不断变化的局势的反应方式，使我们有机会预测我们自己局势的变化，并帮助解决部落民族之间的危机。 除了该项目的理论和历史意义外，它还是培训有抱负的考古学家和社区教育的重要机会。 热那亚，东北和内布拉斯加州考古协会周围的当地社区的几名成员将访问并在现场志愿服务，让他们有机会直接接触当地的史前史，并亲眼目睹为什么当地的史前史和遗址管理是重要的。

Under the supervision of Dr. John M. O'Shea, Daniel Pugh will conduct excavations at the Swantek Site, a 14th century Oneota occupation in central Nebraska. Oneota culture developed in the Midwest in the 12th century and it is unusual to find such a substantial presence in the Great Plains. The researchers hypothesize that groups of Oneota people migrated onto the Plains in order to control bison and other prairie resources. This was made possible by a variety of factors including a reduction in the power of Mississippian chiefdoms that dominated the Midwest during the early Oneota period, an increasing use of bison products in the Oneota economy, and an Oneota organizational system that could easily displace the less well-organized groups indigenous to the Plains. Other Oneota sites are known on the Plains, but typically are interpreted as small intrusions of people from the Midwest occasionally visiting the Plains for bison hunting. The Swantek site is larger and more complex than the other Oneota sites on the Great Plains, and provides an excellent opportunity to test whether there was a more permanent Oneota presence on the Great Plains in the late Prehistoric Period. This project will test and excavate the Swantek site in order to determine how large the site was, what types of activities were carried out on it, and how long it was occupied. This project will have a significant impact on understandings of the Late Prehistoric period on the US mid-continent. The research will gather empirical data about prehistoric tribal processes that will revise our understandings of prehistory while adding to our understandings of tribally-organized societies worldwide. Particular attention will be focused on societies at the edges of large tribal systems that establish and negotiate boundaries with other systems - sometimes trading, sometimes fighting, sometimes avoiding, and sometimes migrating and expanding territorial control. These local processes of expansion, migration, warfare, and alliance are extremely important in our increasingly globalized world where Western nations are in contact with tribally organized peoples and are directly affected by the relations between nations and tribal societies as well as among tribal societies in areas of our national interest. Understanding the ways that those societies will react to their own changing situations offers us a chance to anticipate changes in our own situations and to help solve crises among tribal peoples. In addition to the theoretical and historical significance of this project, it is an important opportunity for the training of aspiring archaeologists and for community education. Several members of the local community around Genoa, NE and the Nebraska Archaeological Association will visit and volunteered at the site, giving them a chance to come into direct contact with local prehistory and to see first hand why local prehistory and site stewardship is important.