GeoSoilEnviroCARS: A National Resource for Earth, Planetary, Soil and Environmental Science Research at the APS

RiversGeoSoilEnviroCARS（GSECARS）是一个国家级的多用户设施，在阿贡国家实验室的高级光子源使用同步辐射进行地球科学前沿研究。 GSECARS为地球科学家提供了从第三代同步加速器光源获得高亮度硬X射线的机会。 一个基于提议的束流时间分配系统，向所有地球科学家开放，已经存在了大约七年（自1998年秋季以来）。 已收到1,100（1，100）个波束时间提案，600多个外部用户进行了实验，并发表了400多篇论文。 这些用户中有45%（46%）是学生。 在该设施进行的研究正在推进我们对地球物质的组成，结构和性质，它们控制的过程以及产生它们的过程的认识。 地球科学家所需的所有主要同步加速器分析技术都用于解决地球科学问题：（1）使用金刚石压砧的高压/高温晶体学和光谱学;（2）使用大容量压力机的高压/高温晶体学和成像;（3）粉末、单晶和界面衍射;（4）非弹性X射线散射;这一更新项目将：（1）支持GSECARS作为一个国家用户设施继续运行，（2）开发和使用新的实验仪器，以扩大该设施的能力。 改进将包括：（1）单色器升级，以实现更高的可再现性和更稳定的操作;（2）增加光子快门，以提高光束稳定性;（3）检测器安装升级，以优化CAESAR应用;（4）激光加热系统升级，以提高位置和功率稳定性;以及（5）购买MAR CCD检测器，用于衍射应用。该项目更广泛的影响，以及我们的主要使命，是提供一个研究环境，用户在规划和进行实验，并在分析数据方面得到专家的帮助。 这种协作的操作模式使同步辐射新手能够使用该设施，需要一批高素质的光束线科学家和技术人员。 GSECARS是世界上最重要的同步加速器基础设施，致力于满足地球科学界的需求。

EAR-0622171RiversGeoSoilEnviroCARS (GSECARS) is a national, multi-user facility for frontier research in the earth sciences using synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. GSECARS provides earth scientists with access to the high-brilliance hard x-rays from this third-generation synchrotron light source. A proposal-based system for beamtime allocation, open to all earth scientists, has been in place for about seven years (since Fall, 1998). Eleven hundred (1,100) beamtime proposals have been received, more than 600 unique outside users have conducted experiments, and over 400 publications have resulted. Forty-five percent (46%) of these users were students. The research conducted at this facility is advancing our knowledge of the composition, structure and properties of earth materials, the processes they control, and the processes that produce them. All principal synchrotron-based analytical techniques in demand by earth scientists are being brought to bear on earth science problems: (1) high-pressure/high-temperature crystallography and spectroscopy using the diamond anvil cell; (2) high-pressure/high-temperature crystallography and imaging using the large-volume press; (3) powder, single crystal and interface diffraction; (4) inelastic x-ray scattering; (5) x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy; (6) x-ray fluorescence microprobe analysis; and (7) microtomography.This renewal project will: (1) support the continued operation of GSECARS as a national-user facility, and (2) develop and implement new experimental instrumentation to extend the capabilities of the facility. Improvements will include: (1) monochromator upgrades for more reproducible and stable operation; (2) photon shutter additions to improve beam stability; (3) detector mount upgrades to optimize CAESAR applications; (4) laser heating system upgrades to improve positional and power stability; and (5) a MAR CCD detector purchase for diffraction applications. The broader impact of the project, and our primary mission, is to provide a research environment where users receive expert assistance in planning and conducting experiments, and in analyzing data. This collaborative mode of operation, which allows the facility to be accessible to synchrotron radiation novices, requires a staff of highly qualified beamline scientists and technical personnel. GSECARS is the world's foremost synchrotron-based facility dedicated to serving the needs of the earth science community.***