Radar Studies of Severe Convective Storms and Tornadoes

智力价值：这项研究的主要目的是更好地了解强对流风暴及其有时产生的龙卷风的动力学和运动学。更广泛的影响：强烈的对流风暴和龙卷风造成了美国许多地区的伤亡和破坏。预计该项目的一些基本科学成果最终将被天气预报员投入实际应用。雷达技术的改进将是该项目的副产品，这将有助于研究和了解其他气象现象。该项目的目标将通过分析近年来移动、车载、多普勒雷达收集的数据，通过在最有可能发生恶劣天气的美国南部平原进行的高度集中的小型现场试验中收集新的数据集，以及通过与雷达工程师合作开发和测试探测强对流风暴和龙卷风的新技术来实现。特别是，首席调查员将：(1)继续分析过去几年在严重对流风暴和龙卷风期间使用X和W波段移动多普勒雷达收集的数据。(2)首次使用海军开发的X波段移动式相控阵雷达，它可以在几秒到几十秒的时间尺度上绘制对流风暴和龙卷风中的多普勒速度场和反射率场图，并开发数据显示和分析技术。(3)继续使用高分辨率W波段多普勒雷达的数据并开发分析技术，该雷达绘制龙卷风和沿可能形成对流风暴的晴空表面边界的多普勒风速和反射率场。(4)继续与雷达工程师合作，他们正在开发使用“间隔天线”绘制对流风暴中的二维风场和降水场的技术。

Intellectual Merit: The main objective of this research is to understand better the dynamics and kinematics of severe convective storms and the tornadoes that they sometimes spawn. Broader Impacts: Severe convective storms and tornadoes are responsible for deaths, injuries, and damage in many portions of the U.S. It is expected that some of the basic scientific results from this project will eventually be put to practical use by weather forecasters. The improvements in radar technology that will be a byproduct of this project will aid in the study and understanding of other meteorological phenomena. The objectives of this project will be met by analyzing data collected in recent years by mobile, truck-mounted, Doppler radars, by collecting new datasets during small, highly focused field experiments to be conducted in the Southern Plains of the U.S., where severe weather is most likely to occur, and by collaborating with radar engineers to develop and test new techniques for probing severe convective storms and tornadoes. In particular, the Principal Investigator will: (1) Continue to analyze data collected in past years in severe convective storms and tornadoes by mobile, X- and W-band, Doppler radars. (2) Use for the first time a mobile, X-band, phased-array radar developed by the Navy, which can map the Doppler velocity and reflectivity fields in convective storms and tornadoes on time scales from seconds to tens of seconds, and develop techniques for displaying and analyzing the data. (3) Continue to use data from and develop analysis techniques for a high-resolution, W-band Doppler radar, which maps the Doppler-velocity wind and reflectivity fields in tornadoes and along clear-air surface boundaries, along which convective storms may form. (4) Continue to collaborate with radar engineers who are developing techniques for mapping the two-dimensional wind field and the precipitation field in convective storms using a "spaced antenna."