Photonic Crystal System for Single Bioparticle Detection

CBET-0730469 Fauchet 开发快速、灵敏和易于使用的生物传感器，用于检测各种病原体，仍然具有国家重要性。用于检测病毒的传统诊断方法是复杂的，并且需要由训练有素的技术人员操作。这种复杂性和成本水平显然是不期望的，因为它显著延长了在临床环境中进行诊断所需的时间，并且严重限制了传感器和诊断的部署到设备齐全的实验室和训练有素的人员都可用的位置。光学无标记生物传感器平台的发展，这承诺简化系统的复杂性，同时表现出理想的性能，是一个高度优先。提出了一种基于二维光子晶体微腔的单生物粒子检测平台，该平台采用微电子工艺在绝缘体上硅衬底上制作。在这些设备中捕获生物颗粒局部地增加折射率，这可以被检测为光传播波长的偏移。光子晶体微腔将被设计、制造、测试和优化，以实现最大的光传输，并对感兴趣的目标进行灵敏度和选择性。它们将与微流体集成，包括一种由硅制成的新型生物膜过滤器，用于预浓缩目标。将探索表面增强拉曼散射（Sers）和2-D PhC微腔的组合，以使识别明确，消除假阳性响应。更广泛的影响拟议的工作回应了对新病毒病原体迅速增加的日益关注（包括严重急性呼吸系统综合症（SARS）和H5 N1“禽流感”），以及对可能使用天花等病毒病原体作为生物战剂的持续关注，针对这一点，全球研究界已经瞄准了标签的发展-能够检测单个病毒颗粒的自由生物传感器作为主要目标。拟议的研究将提供不仅检测危险病毒而且检测广泛生物目标的策略。

CBET-0730469 Fauchet The development of rapid, sensitive and easy-to-use biosensors for the detection of a wide range of pathogens continues to be of national importance. Traditional diagnostic methods for the detection of viruses are complex and require operation by a highly trained technician. This level of complexity and cost is obviously undesirable, as it significantly lengthens the time necessary to make a diagnosis in a clinical setting, and severely limits the deployment of sensors and diagnostics to locations where both fully equipped laboratories and trained personnel are available. The development of optical label-free biosensor platforms, which promise to simplify the system complexity while exhibiting desirable performance, is a high priority. Intellectual Merit A novel platform for single bioparticle detection is proposed, which is based on two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities fabricated on silicon-on-insulator substrates using microelectronic fabrication steps. Capture of bioparticles in these devices locally increases the refractive index, which can be detected as a shift of the wavelength of light propagation. The photonic crystal microcavities will be designed, fabricated, tested, and optimized for maximum light transmission, and for sensitivity and selectivity to the targets of interest. They will be integrated with microfluidics including a novel ultrathin membrane filter made of silicon that will be used to pre-concentrate the targets. The combination of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and 2-D PhC microcavities will be explored to make identification unambiguous and eliminate false positive responses. Broader Impact The proposed work responds to mounting concern over the rapid rise of new viral pathogens (including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS, and the H5N1 "bird flu"), as well as continuing concern over the possible use of viral pathogens such as smallpox as biowarfare agents, in response to which the global research community has targeted the development of label-free biosensors capable of detecting single virus particles as a major goal. The proposed research will provide strategies for the detection of not only dangerous viruses but also a wide range of biological targets.