Coordination in Small Groups: Matching and Mismatching

有效的协调对于各种社交互动都是必要的，比如朋友之间的交谈、在交通繁忙的地区开车和走路、运动和团队合作。该项目区分了两种类型的协调-隐性协调和显式协调，同时区分了匹配和不匹配问题。在匹配中，行动者选择相同的行动是互利的。相反，在不匹配中，参与者选择不同的行为（例如，工作团队中的分工）是互利的。匹配和不匹配会形成不同的人际印象和感觉。这些预期是基于一个模型，该模型整合了社会分类理论和行为经济学的焦点概念。提出的工作使用了计算建模和实证研究的结合。这个项目将探讨1)人们如何利用社会知识与他人默契协作；2)成功匹配和不匹配是如何在重复互动中出现的；(3)匹配与错配问题的协调成功对后续人际印象和团队绩效的影响。计划中的实验将检验在何种条件下协调能和不能促进凝聚力。最终，pi计划：a)建立任务和社会因素以及决策规则对协调匹配和不匹配发展的影响模型；b)利用建模结果设计有效的现场参与者实证研究；c)根据实证结果完善计算模型。拟议研究的结果应该对经济学和心理学理论家都有所贡献。使用以心理学为主题的模拟来表示理论假设并得出预测既新颖又具有示范性。

Effective coordination is necessary for social interactions as varied as conversation among friends, driving and walking in high-traffic areas, playing sports and working in teams. This project distinguishes between two types of coordination -tacit and explicit coordination while distinguishing matching from mismatching problems. In matching, it is mutually beneficial for actors to choose the same action. Conversely, in mismatching, it is mutually beneficial for actors to choose different actions (e.g., divisions of labor in work teams). Matching and mismatching are expected to foster different interpersonal impression and feelings. These expectations are based on a model that integrates social categorization theory and the concept of focal points from behavioral economics. The proposed work uses a combination of computational modeling and empirical studies. This project will explore 1) how people use social knowledge to coordinate tacitly with others; 2) how successful matching and mismatching emerges over repeated interactions; and 3) how coordination success on matching and mismatching problems affect subsequent interpersonal impressions and team performances. The planned experiments will examine the conditions under which coordination does and does not foster cohesion. Ultimately, the PIs plan to : a) model the effects of task and social factors and decision rules on the development of coordinated matching and mismatching, b) use the modeling results to design efficiently empirical studies with live participants, and c) refine the computational model based on the empirical findings. Findings from the proposed research should contribute to both economic and psychological theorists. The use of a psychologically-themed simulation to represent theoretical assumptions and to derive predictions is both novel and exemplary.