Rapid Magnetic DNA and Protein Chip for Point of Care Molecular Diagnostics

目的开发一种基于自旋阀传感器阵列和磁性纳米粒子的生物芯片技术，使快速检测病原体成为可能。 该方法基于两个技术组成部分：（1）灵敏度为~100毫微微摩尔的DNA片段检测器，比现有技术至少好10倍，以及（2）允许快速有效浓缩DNA（或蛋白质）样品的样品制备系统。这两个组件都使用平均直径为10至100 nm的单分散磁性纳米颗粒（纳米标签）来标记病原体目标。智力优势该项目的智力优势在于磁性生物芯片可以提高病原体检测和定量的特异性和灵敏度。特别是，磁性DNA芯片固有的多路复用能力将创造经济学家所说的“？破坏性的？技术. 磁性DNA检测具有成本效益高且易于使用的特点，可以为传染病的医疗保健定义一个新的标准。更广泛的影响更广泛的影响远远超出了磁学、自旋电子学、纳米技术和生物学。它最终将使检测并在某些情况下治疗囊性纤维化、宫颈癌、镰状细胞性贫血和糖尿病等疾病成为可能。同样的磁性芯片可以用于基因组学、法医学、生物防御和癌症检测。磁性生物传感器和纳米颗粒的基础知识将对微电子学和医学中的微磁和纳米磁器件产生广泛的影响。这项研究将吸引和培训本科生和代表性不足的少数民族。

Objective The objective of this research is to develop a new biochip technology based on spin valve sensor arrays and magnetic nanoparticles, which may eliminate the need for sample amplification, and make rapid pathogen detection possible. The approach is based on two technical components: (1) a DNA fragment detector with a sensitivity of ~100 femto-molar that is at least 10-fold better than the present technology, and (2) a sample preparation system allowing rapid and efficient concentration of the DNA (or protein) samples. Both components utilize monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles (nanotags) with a mean diameter ranging from 10 to 100 nm to label pathogen targets.Intellectual Merit The intellectual merit of the project is that the magnetic biochip allows greater specificity and sensitivity for pathogen detection and quantitation. In particular, the intrinsic multiplexing capability of magnetic DNA chip will create what economists call a ?disruptive? technology. Because it is cost-effective and easy to use, the magnetic DNA assay can define a new standard of healthcare for infectious diseases.Broader Impact The broader impact extends well beyond magnetics, spintronics, nanotechnology, and biology. It will eventually make it possible to detect, and in some cases treat, diseases such as cystic fibrosis, cervical cancer, sickle-cell anemia, and diabetes. The same magnetic chip can be adapted for use in genomics, forensics, biodefense, and cancer detection. The fundamental knowledge of magnetic biosensors and nanoparticles would have wide-ranging implications for micromagnetic and nanomagnetic devices in microelectronics as well as medicine. The research will attract and train undergraduates and under-represented minorities.