Lawyers in the Pursuit of Basic Legal Rights: Criminal Defense in China

追求基本法律权利的律师：中国的刑事辩护特伦斯·C·韩礼德和刘思达发展基本法律权利和维护这些权利的法律职业是中国内部和世界范围内激烈辩论的一个关键问题。这项研究提出了两个关键问题：中国的刑事辩护律师有多大能力为受到基本法律权利侵犯威胁的个人辩护？中国的辩护律师如何为发展一个健全的、保护基本法律自由的法律职业做出贡献？该项目从五个角度考察律师代表刑事被告的能力：(1)日常律师工作，律师在其中遵守和遵守刑事实践规则；(2)律师通过网络、虚拟社区和律师协会采取集体行动，促进基本法律自由；(3)全国人民代表大会在刑事诉讼法改革中的循环，制定业务规则；(4)国内和国际媒体对律师在刑事实践中的公开评论并影响他们在中国内部的角色；以及(5)国际社会对中国刑事司法制度形成的影响。韩礼德和刘从各种互补的角度获取数据，对中国的律师进行了210次采访，对中外媒体关于犯罪实践的报道进行了系统分析，进行了广泛的档案研究，并对中国内外寻求培育强大刑事辩护门槛的小组进行了采访。对这些问题的回答，将有助于理解中国法治的成就和障碍。他们还将展示中国内部的国内倡导者和中国外部的法治支持者如何为实现中华人民共和国出现符合联合国全球规范的法律制度提供帮助。

Lawyers in the Pursuit of Basic Legal Rights: Criminal Defense in ChinaTerence C. Halliday and Sida LiuThe development of basic legal rights and a legal profession to defend them is a crucial issue that is heavily debated within China and across the world. This study asks two key questions: What capacity do Chinese criminal defense lawyers have to defend individuals threatened with infringements of fundamental legal rights? And how are Chinese defense lawyers contributing to the development of a robust legal profession that protects basic legal freedoms? The project examines lawyers' ability to represent criminal defendants from five angles: (1) everyday lawyering, where practitioners play with and by the rules of criminal practice; (2) collective action by lawyers through networks, virtual communities and bar associations to advance basic legal freedoms; (3) cycles of criminal procedure law reform by the National Peoples Congress where rules of practice are forged; (4) the national and international media which provide public commentary on lawyers in criminal practice and influence their role within China; and (5) international influences on the shape of China's criminal justice system. Obtaining data from a variety of complementary perspectives, Halliday and Liu conduct 210 interviews with lawyers across China, undertake systematic analysis of Chinese and foreign media reports on criminal practice, engage in extensive archival research, and interview groups inside and outside China that seek to foster a strong criminal defense bar. Answers to these questions will go a long way towards understanding the achievements and impediments to rule of law in China. They will also show how domestic advocates inside China and supporters of the rule of law outside China can provide assistance to realize the emergence of a legal system in the PRC that is consistent with the United Nations' global norms.