The Origin and Spread of Glaze-Painted Pottery as Seen from Tijeras Pueblo, NM

“这项奖励是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。”在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，Habicht Mauche博士和她的多机构研究团队将从Tijeras Pueblo遗址的角度，使用标准考古和创新材料科学技术的组合，研究新墨西哥州里约热内卢格兰德山谷釉彩陶器的早期开发、生产和交换。大河谷东部普韦布洛人的前接触期晚期（公元1275-1400年）的特点是在人口、定居结构、家庭和仪式建筑以及装饰陶瓷方面发生了巨大变化。这些物质变化被解释为大规模移民、新的和更复杂的社会身份的出现、新的宗教习俗的采用以及更结构化的地方和区域政治经济的发展的证据。在东部普韦布洛人中，与这些工艺相关的是釉彩陶的专业化生产、广泛交换和仪式化使用。因此，了解釉漆技术的起源和传播，对于理解在美国西南部这个充满活力的时期与移民、社区重组和身份形成有关的问题具有重要意义。Tijeras Pueblo位于现代城市阿尔伯克基（Albuquerque）的正东，是研究大釉瓷器传统早期发展和传播的绝佳地点。考古证据表明，当地农民，以及可能来自西部普韦布洛地区的移民，在13世纪最后十年的某个时候开始聚集在这个地方。该遗址发现了已知最早的与里约热内卢大釉器（公元1313年）有关的树木年轮。重要的是，该遗址也一直是几个系统的和有充分记录的挖掘的主题，从1948年开始，1968-69年再次，最后在1971-76年之间。陶瓷收藏品，现场记录和文件，被安置在圣达菲的人类学实验室/新墨西哥博物馆和阿尔伯克基新墨西哥大学的麦克斯韦尔博物馆。研究人员将利用各种创新的分析技术，包括陶瓷岩石学、中子活化分析和铅同位素分析，来表征蒂杰拉斯普韦布洛现有的陶瓷收藏品，从而通过区域社会和经济网络追踪技术、原材料和成品的流通。反过来，他们将探索这些网络如何促进移民，并作为社会再生产和社区和东部普韦布洛人身份转变的舞台。同时，本项目也将为移民研究和技术与社会关系的研究做出更广泛的智力贡献。蒂杰拉斯普韦布洛位于国家林业局财产，并被列入国家史迹名录。它目前有一条自助解说路线，一个新的解说中心正在为游客建造。Habicht Mauche博士正在与国家森林考古学家和当地志愿者密切合作，以确保她的研究结果直接用于现场的解释工作。通过聘请本科生和研究生作为研究助理，该项目促进了研究与教学的结合。

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Habicht Mauche and her multi-institutional research team will examine the early development, production and exchange of glaze-painted pottery in the Rio Grande Valley of New Mexico, from the perspective of the site of Tijeras Pueblo, using a mix of standard archaeological and innovative material science techniques. The Late Precontact Period (A.D. 1275-1400) among the Eastern Pueblos of the Rio Grande Valley was characterized by dramatic changes in demography, settlement structure, domestic and ritual architecture, and decorated ceramics. These material changes are interpreted as evidence for massive migration, the emergence of new and more complex social identities, the adoption of new religious practices, and the development of more structured local and regional political economies. Associated with these processes are the specialized production, widespread exchange and ritualized use of glaze-painted pottery among the Eastern Pueblos. An understanding of the origin and spread of glaze-paint technology, thus, has implications for understanding issues related to migration, community reorganization, and identity formation during this very dynamic period in the American Southwest.Tijeras Pueblo, located directly east of the modern city of Albuquerque, is an excellent place from which to launch an investigation of the early development and spread of the Rio Grande glaze ware tradition. Archaeological evidence suggests that local farmers, as well as possible immigrants from the Western Pueblo area, began to aggregate at the site sometime during the last decade of the thirteenth century. The site has yielded the earliest known tree-ring dates associated with Rio Grande Glaze Ware (A.D. 1313). Importantly, the site also has been the subject of several systematic and well-documented excavations, beginning in 1948, again in 1968-69, and finally between 1971-76. Ceramic collections, with site records and documentation, are housed at the Laboratory of Anthropology/Museum of New Mexico in Santa Fe and the Maxwell Museum at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque. The researchers will utilize a variety of innovative analytical techniques, including ceramic petrography, neutron activation analysis, and lead isotope analysis, to characterize existing ceramic collections from Tijeras Pueblo and, thus, to trace the circulation of techniques, raw materials, and finished objects through regional social and economic networks. In turn, they will explore how these networks facilitated migration and acted as arenas for the social reproduction and transformation of community and identity among the Eastern Pueblos. At the same time, this project will also make broader intellectual contributions to studies of migration and the relationship between technology and society.Tijeras Pueblo is located on National Forest Service property and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It currently has a self-guided interpretive trail and a new interpretive center is being constructed for visitors at the site. Dr. Habicht Mauche is working closely with National Forest archaeologists and local volunteers to assure that the results of her research feed directly into interpretive efforts at the site. By engaging undergraduate and graduate students as research assistants, this project promotes the integration of research and teaching.