Rapid Biodiversity Assessment using DNA Barcodes in Exploratories: A case study on Diptera

考虑生物多样性变化的生态研究项目需要物种清单来比较生境状态或分析生境参数实验操作的影响。传统的物种确定是费时的，而且往往需要许多分类学家的合作。DNA条形码是一个新的机会，可以克服分类学上的障碍，并产生更精确和广泛的物种存在数据。我们提出了一项试点研究，将DNA条形码用于DFG生物多样性探索的物种丰富度和多样性分析。双翅目是一个物种丰富、数量众多、物种鉴定困难的分类单元。该项目有几个主要目标：建立一个德国双翅目的DNA条形码数据库，重点是在探索区发现的分类群；与MOTUs合作，在没有林奈名称和数据库不完整的情况下，对生态样本进行反向分类；开发一套工作流程，并测试使用第二代测序技术进行大规模测序的可行性。该项目包括测试生态假设，如关于森林管理制度对喂养协会多样性影响的陈述。

Ecological research projects that consider changes of biodiversity need inventories of species to compare habitat states or to analyze the impact of experimental manipulations of habitat parameters. Conventional species determination is time consuming and often requires the cooperation of many taxonomists. DNA barcoding is a new opportunity to overcome the taxonomic impediment and to produce more precise and extensive data on the presence of species. We propose a pilot study to implement DNA barcoding for the analysis of species richness and diversity in the DFG biodiversity exploratories. We focus on Diptera, a taxon that is species rich, abundant, and where species identification is difficult. The proposed project has several major goals: To develop a DNA barcode database for German Diptera, with a focus on taxa found in the exploratories, to work with MOTUs to apply reverse taxonomy to ecological samples as long as Linnean names are not available and the database is incomplete, to develop a workflow for this purpose, and to test the feasibility of mass-sequencing with the second-generation sequencing technology. The project includes testing of ecological hypotheses like statements about the effect of forest management regimes on the diversity of feeding guilds.