CPS: Small: Collaborative Research: Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis in a Network of Embedded Systems in Automotive Vehicles

本研究的目标是设计一个能够快速检测和隔离故障的嵌入式系统的异质网络，并开发在线和离线的故障诊断和预测方法。我们的方法是开发故障模式和伴随的监控机制之间的功能依赖模型，该模型形成故障模式、影响和危害性分析、可测试性设计、诊断推理和(硬件)部件的剩余使用寿命估计的基础。近年来，汽车和其他应用领域的电子爆炸显著增加了嵌入式系统的复杂性、异构性和互联性。为了解决这种联网系统中的跨子系统故障现象，必须开发一种通用方法：(I)识别与软件、硬件和硬件-软件接口相关的潜在故障模式；(Ii)在故障模式和测试之间产生功能相关性；(Iii)提供在线/离线诊断系统；(Iv)基于诊断计算部件的剩余使用寿命估计；以及(Iv)在现场部署之前通过故障注入来验证诊断和预测推断方法。开发功能依赖模型和基于这些模型的诊断推理以帮助嵌入式系统的在线和远程诊断和预测是这项工作的一个潜在的新方面。该项目寻求通过提高车辆的可靠性、性能和安全性以及通过提高客户满意度来提高美国汽车行业的竞争力。其他具有代表性的应用包括航空航天系统、交通电气化、医疗设备以及通信和电力网络，仅举几例。

The objectives of this research are to design a heterogeneous network of embedded systems so that faults can be quickly detected and isolated and to develop on-line and off-line fault diagnosis and prognosis methods. Our approach is to develop functional dependency models between the failure modes and the concomitant monitoring mechanisms, which form the basis for failure modes, effects and criticality analysis, design for testability, diagnostic inference, and the remaining useful life estimation of (hardware) components. Over the last few years, the electronic explosion in automotive vehicles and other application domains has significantly increased the complexity, heterogeneity, and interconnectedness of embedded systems. To address the cross-subsystem malfunction phenomena in such networked systems, it is essential to develop a common methodology that: (i) identifies the potential failure modes associated with software, hardware, and hardware-software interfaces; (ii) generates functional dependencies between the failure modes and tests; (iii) provides an on-line/off-line diagnosis system; (iv) computes the remaining useful life estimates of components based on the diagnosis; and (iv) validates the diagnostic and prognostic inference methods via fault injection prior to deployment in the field. The development of functional dependency models and diagnostic inference from these models to aid in online and remote diagnosis and prognosis of embedded systems is a potentially novel aspect of this effort.This project seeks to improve the competitiveness of the U.S. automotive industry by enhancing vehicle reliability, performance and safety, and by improving customer satisfaction. Other representative applications include aerospace systems, electrification of transportation, medical equipment, and communication and power networks, to name a few.